Download Math Dictionary - St. Peter`s Primary

MATH GLOSSARY
Addends (additionné): A number that is added; for example, in the expression 11 + 34, 11 and
34 are the addends.
Analog Clock – a clock with the numbers 1 to 12 around the face and rotating hands to show
the hours, minutes and seconds.
Arrays: a set of objects or numbers arranged in order, often in rows or columns.
Arrays can make counting and calculating easier.
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Base (base): the bottom of something, e.g. the bottom line of a plane shape, or the bottom
face of a solid.
Centimetres (cm) [Centimètres, cm] – a unit used to measure length (1 cm = 10 mm)
Columns (colonnes)
Compose :
Cubes : Part of base ten material used to represent usually thousands.
Cylinder (cylindre) : a solid shape with one curved surface and two congruent circular
or elliptical bases.
Decimals (un decimal/ des décimaux) – A numeral that shows a fractional amount by using
digits on either side of a dot called the decimal point; for example, 0.7 is decimal for 7/10 and
2.25 is a decimal for 9/4 or 2 ¼.
Decimetre (dm) [ decimeter, dm] – a unit used to measure length (1 dm = 10 cm)
Decompose (decompose) Denominator (dénominateur) – The number below the line in a fraction; the denominator tells
the number of parts into which the whole has been divided.
Difference (différence) - The difference of two numbers is the result of subtraction. For
example, subtracting 3 from 5 gives the difference of 2, written
5 – 3 = 2.
Digital Clock: a clock that uses numerals to show the time.
Digits (chiffres) : Any of the symbols 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 used to write numbers.
Distance: the length between two points ( or objects.)
Edges: where two surfaces join (intersect).
Equal shares:
Equation (équation): A mathematical statement that two expressions are equal; for example, 2
+ x = 14.
Equivalent factions (Fractions Équivalentes ) – Fractions that have the same value; for example
2/3 and 6/9
Estimate: close to an amount or value but not exact.
Faces: flat surfaces of a three-dimensional shape.
Facts: The basic operations of math, like addition, subtraction, and multiplication and division.
Fact family: Fact families are 3 numbers that are related, just as the people in a family are
related. They make a set of related math facts.
Add and subtract with facts 3, 5, 8:
3+5=8
5+3=8
8–3=5
8–5=3
Multiply and divide with facts 3, 5, 15:
3 x 5 = 15
5 x 3 = 15
15 ÷ 3 = 5
15 ÷ 5 = 3
Factors: (Facteurs) A whole number that divides exactly into another whole number.
A whole number that multiplies with another whole number to make a third
number.
Numbers that are multiplied to get a product.
12 = 1 x 12
12 = 3 x 4
12 = 2 x 6
12 /1 = 12
12 / 3 = 4
12/6 = 2
Flats (planchettes) : Part of base ten material used to represent usually hundreds.
Greater than (plus grand que): More than; shows relationship between numbers;
symbol (>); example: 10 > 9 ( 10 is greater than 9 )
Grouping: Dividing things into equal groups (sets.)
Half (Demi) - The irreducible faction resulting from dividing one by two (1/2), or any number by
it double. It is the faction occurring most often in mathematical equations, recipes,
measurements etc.
Hexagon (hexagone) – A six-sided polygon.
Hour (heure) : 60 minutes
Hundreds (Centaines) : Each digit of a number in our number system has a different place value
(ones, tens, hundreds, etc.). In the example, the underlined digit is in the hundreds position.
Example: 1783 ( 7 is in the hundreds position and has a value of 700)
Intersecting Lines: lines that cross over one another; or overlap.
Length: distance from one end to the other; how long something is.
Less than (plus petit que): Less than; shows relationship between numbers;
symbol (<); example: 5 < 9 ( 5 is less than 9 )
Metre (m) [mètre, m] – a unit used to measure length ex: 1 m = 100 cm,
1000 m = 1 km
Minute: 60 seconds.
Mirror Image: a mirror-based duplicate of a single image.
Multiples (multiples): Mathematic operation where a number is added to itself a number of
times.
Eg. 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 20
or 4 x 5 = 20
Nets/patterns (développement) flat shape which can be folded up into a three-dimensional
solid.
Number family: Number Family is a given number, its partners (2 numbers that add up to the
number), and all of the addition and subtraction facts that can be generated from the partners.
A child working on the Number Family of 8 would be studying and learning the partners and all
of the corresponding addition and subtraction facts for 8.
Example:
Math facts for the number family of 8
Number line (Droite numérique) – line marked with numbers, used to show operations.
- has numbers in order from least to greatest. The spaces
between pairs of consecutive numbers are equal.
Number sentence (phrase mathématique): An arrangement of numbers and symbols; for
example, an addition sentence: 3 + 7 = 10; a subtraction sentence: 12 – 4 = 8; a multiplication
sentence: 5 x 7 = 35; a division sentence: 48 ÷ 6 = 8
Numerator (numérateur) – The number above the line in a fraction; the numerator tells how
many parts are being considered.
Octagon (Octagone) – A polygon with 8 sides.
Ordering (ordonner) : Arranging according to size, amount or value.
Parallel lines (Droites parallèles): Lines that are the same distance apart.
Patterns (Suites/ Motifs): repeated design or recurring sequence.
Perpendicular Lines (Droites perpendiculaires) : all right angles to the horizon.
Product (produit): The result of a multiplication.
The product of 5 and 2 is 10;
or 5 x 2 = 10.
Pyramid (pyramide): a solid shape with a polygon as a base and triangular faces that
taper to a point (vertex).
Quadrilateral (quadrilatère) – A figure with 4 sides.
Quarter/Fourth (un quart) Quotient (quotient) – The number obtained by dividing one number into another. In the
division sentence:
77 div 11 = 7, the quotient is 7
Part (partie):
Pentagon (pentagone) – A five-sided polygon.
Rectangle (Un rectangle) – A quadrilateral, where 2 pairs of opposite sides are equal and each
angle is a right angle, or 90 degrees.
Rectangular Prism (Prisme rectangulaire): a polyhedron-a prism with two identical,
rectangular bases.
Reflective Symmetry: Line symmetry means reflection. If we were to draw a line through a
shape to represent a mirror, the shape could be folded along that line and both sides would
both fit exactly together.
Regroup: rearrange the formation of a group; used to assist when trading or carrying in
addition or subtraction.
Related: (“related facts” is in the glossary of Gr. 5 – if this is what is meant here)
Remainder – What is left over when one number does not divide exactly into another number.
For example, in the quotient 13 divided 5 = 2RC, the remained is 3.
Repeated addition:
Rhombus – A parallelogram with four equal sides.
Rods (réglettes) : Part of base ten material used to represent usually tens.
Round: change a number to a more convenient value.
Rows (Rangées): Items arranged in a horizontal line.
Space: the three dimensional place in which an object can exist or events take place.
Square (Un carré) – A quadrilateral with equal sides and each angle is a right angle, or 90
degrees.
Sum (somme) - A sum is the result of an addition. For example, adding 1, 2, 3, and 4 gives the
sum 10, written
1 + 2+ 3 + 4 = 10
Tenths (Dixièmes) – The place value representing 0.1, or 1/10; for example, three tenths is 0.3, or
3/10.
Third (un tiers) -
Thousands: ( Milliers) Each digit of a number in our number system has a different place value
(ones, tens, hundreds, etc.). In the example, the underlined digit is in the hundreds position.
Example: 2783 ( 2 is in the thousands position and has a value of 2000)
Trade Trains/towers –
Trapezoid – A quadrilateral where 1 pair of sides is parallel.
Triangular Prism (Prisme triangulaire): a polyhedron-a prism with two identical, triangular
bases.
Units (cubes-unités) : Part of base ten material used to represent usually ones.
Value: numerical worth or amount.
Vertex/vertices: point where surfaces meet-corner.
Width: distance across from side to side.
Whole (Entier) – Any of the natural numbers (positive or negative) or Zero. The whole numbers
are the counting numbers and 0. The whole numbers are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5…