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Le Passé Composé Past Tense (Past Perfect) The passé composé The passé composé expresses what happened in the past (sometimes called the past perfect tense) It’s not the only French past tense It has 2 parts: helping (auxiliary) verb and a past participle. The helping verb for most verbs is avoir. You form the past participle of most –er verbs by replacing the –er with -é Example: regarder (to look at, to watch) J’ ai regardé nous avons regardé Tu as regardé vous avez regardé Il, elle, on a regardé ils, elles ont regardé Passé composé is the equivalent of 3 ways to express past tense in English: Ex. J’ai mangé = 1. I ate 2. I have eaten. 3. I did eat. To say what didn’t happen, place ne…pas around the helping verb. Ex. Je n’ai pas mangé le petit-déjeuner aujourd’hui. Examples of regular er verbs Il a mangé une banane. J’ai achèté une baguette au supermarché. Il a trouvé un très bon restaurant. For –ir verb past participle, drop the r from the end Example conjuation: grandir- to grow J’ai grandi Tu as grandi Il, elle, on a grandi nous avons grandi vous avez grandi ils, elles ont grandi For –re verb past participle, change re into u Example: vendre- to sell J’ai vendu Tu as vendu Il, elle, on a vendu nous avons vendu vous avez vendu ils, elles ont vendu Passé Composé of Irregular Verbs Irregular verbs use avoir as the helping verb in p.c., but they have irregular past participles, which need memorized Être- to be= été Avoir- to have = eu Vouloir- to wish, to want= voulu Boire- to drink= bu Faire- to make, to do= fait Voir- to see = vu Lire- to read = lu Pleuvoir- to rain= plu The passé composé of il y a (there is, there are) is il y a eu (There was) Irregular Examples Hier, il a plu, et il a fait mauvais. J’ai bu un café au petit- déjeuner. J’ai été au cinéma, et j’ai vu un film super. Nous avons eu une classe d’anglais lundi. Elle a voulu un chocolat chaud. Ils ont lu le roman Le Petit Prince.