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El Subjuntivo
No es tan complicado…
En Español
The subjuntivo is not a tense; rather, it is a mood.
Tense refers to when an action takes place (past,
present, future), while mood merely reflects how
the speaker feels about the action.
The subjunctive mood is rarely used in English,
but it is widely used in Spanish.
Examples of the subjunctive being used in English:
1) The doctor recommends that she drink 4 glasses of water a day.
Normally, the indicative conjugation is "She drinks"; but,
the subjunctive conjugation form drops the "s."
2) The State requires that you be 18 years old to buy cigarettes.
Normally, the indicative conjugation is "you are."
3) "If I were King, I would eat Ben & Jerry's ice cream daily."
Normally, the indicative conjugation is "I was.”
4.1–3
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2008 Vista
Higher Learning.
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Tiempo Verbal - Modo
INDICATIVE
certainty/objectivity
(present, preterite, imperfect,
future, conditional,
compound tenses)
SUBJUNCTIVE
possibiliby/subjectivity
Further Explanation
In general, the subjunctive is a verb mood that is
used to express an action or state of being in the
context of the speaker's reaction to it.
Most commonly (although not always), the
subjunctive verb is used in a clause that starts with
the relative pronoun que (meaning "which," "that" or
"who").
Frequently, the sentences that contain a subjunctive
verb are used to express doubt, uncertainty, denial,
desire, commands or reactions to the clause
containing the subjunctive verb.
¿Cómo lo formamos?
Conjuga al “yo”:
(ej. hablar --> hablo)
Quita la “-o”:
(hablo --> habl)
Añade la vocal opuesta:
(habl --> hable)
Termninaciones
AR
ER
IR
Singular
-e
Plural
-emos
-es
-e
-éis
-en
1st Person
2nd Person
Singular
-a
-as
Plural
-amos
-áis
3rd Person
-a
-an
1st Person
2nd Person
3rd Person
Práctica – Subjuntivo
(regular)
HABLAR
Singular
Plural
hable
hablemos
hables
habléis
hable
hablen
COMER
Singular
Plural
coma
comamos
comas
comáis
coma
coman
VIVIR
Singular
Plural
viva
vivamos
vivas
viváis
viva
vivan
-CAR / -GAR / -ZAR
These verbs change spelling to preserve vowel sound.
TOCAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
toque
toquemos
2nd Person
toques
toquéis
3rd Person
toque
toquen
JUGAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
juegue
juguemos
2nd Person
juegues
juguéis
3rd Person
juegue
jueguen
CRUZAR
Singular
Plural
1st Person
cruce
crucemos
2nd Person
cruces
crucéis
3rd Person
cruce
crucen
Práctica – Subjuntivo
(yo – irregular en indicativo)
HUIR
Singular
Plural
huya
huyamos
huyas
huyáis
huya
huyan
CONOCER
Singular
Plural
conozca
conozcamos
conozcas
conozcáis
conozca
conozcan
SALIR
Singular
Plural
salga
salgamos
salgas
salgáis
salga
salgan
“Verbos bota”
-ar
-er
-ir
OU
EI
Stem-changers
-AR, -ER and –IR verbs that have stem changes in the present
indicative have the same changes in the present subjunctive.
In addition:
–ir verbs change in nosotros &
vosotros forms: o  u & e i
Irregulares
SER
1st Person
Singular
sea
Plural
seamos
2nd Person
3rd Person
seas
sea
seáis
sean
ESTAR
1st Person
Singular
esté
Plural
estemos
2nd Person
3rd Person
estés
esté
estéis
estén
Más Irregulares
IR
1st Person
Singular
vaya
Plural
vayamos
2nd Person
3rd Person
vayas
vaya
vayáis
vayan
HABER
1st Person
Singular
haya
Plural
hayamos
2nd Person
3rd Person
hayas
haya
hayáis
hayan
…Más Irregulares
SABER
1st Person
Singular
sepa
Plural
sepamos
2nd Person
3rd Person
sepas
sepa
sepáis
sepan
DAR
1st Person
Singular
dé
Plural
demos
2nd Person
3rd Person
des
dé
déis
den
Irregulares
(igual que mandatos)
Basics of the subjunctive
Must have a subjunctive TRIGGER
(i.e. verb or expression of wishing wanting/will or influence, emotion, doubt)
Sentence has 2 clauses (part of sentence w/ subject & verb).
Each clause has different subject. (subject in the first part of the sentenc
cannot be the same as the other subject)
‘QUE’ connects the two parts
1st verb in present INDICATIVE
2nd verb in present SUBJUNCTIVE
EJEMPLO: Los profesores quieren
que
los estudiantes escriban apuntes.
indicativo
que
subjuntivo
Subjunctive “Triggers”:
Verbs of influence
Querer
Recomendar
Insistir en
Sugerir
Preferir
Pedir
Mandar
Es necesario
Prohibir
Es urgente
Permitir
Es importante
Desear
Es mejor
+ que + subjunctive
Sugiero que hables con tus padres.
Formula for when subjunctive is used 
2nd VERB
1st VERB
1st SUBJECT
This INDICATIVE VERB has to
TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must
denote emotion, denial, uncertainty,
volition, influence, desire, etc.
2nd Subject
S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2
This verb
will be in
the
subjunctive
.
Subjunctive “Triggers” :
Verbs of Emotion
Alegrarse de
Es mejor
Esperar
Es bueno
Sentir
Es malo
Temer
Es ridículo
+ que + subjunctivo
Tener miedo de
Es terrible
Me gusta
Es una lástima
Te molesta
Es urgente
Le sorprende
¡Qué extraño
Es extraño
¡Qué lástima
Me alegro de que vayas a estudiar en México.
Es increible
Verbos / Frases
, Recommendations
= “Hopeful”
¡Ojo!
If there is no change of subject in the sentence, then the 2nd verb
will be in the INFINITIVE.
Ejemplo:
Prefiero ir a Bogotá en junio.
Prefiero que (tú) vayas en agosto.
I prefer to go to Bogota in June.
I prefer that you go in August.
Many common expressions
introduce subjunctive clauses:
Es una pena que... "It is a shame that..."
Quiero que... "I want..."
Ojalá (que)... "I hope..."
Es importante que... "It is important that..."
Me alegro de que... "I am happy that..."
Es bueno que... "It is good that..."
Es necesario que... "It is necessary that..."
Dudo que... "I doubt that..."
Formula for when subjunctive is used 
2nd VERB
1st VERB
1st SUBJECT
This INDICATIVE VERB has to
TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must
denote emotion, denial, uncertainty,
volition, influence, desire, etc.
2nd Subject
S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2
This verb
will be in
the
subjunctive
.
Subjunctive Triggers of Doubt & Denial
No creer
Es probable
Dudar
No es probable
Negar
Es improbable
No es cierto
No es
improbable
No es seguro
No es verdad
+ que + subjunctive
No estar
seguro/a (de)
Es posible
No es posible
Dudo que ella estudie para el examen.
¡Ojo!
If there is no “WEIRDO” in the sentence, then the 2nd verb will
not be in the SUBJUNCTIVE
Ejemplo:
Creo que ella va a llegar tarde.
Dudo que vayas a llegar a tiempo.
I believe (that) she will arrive late.
I doubt (that) you will arrive on time.
Formula for when subjunctive is used 
2nd VERB
1st VERB
1st SUBJECT
This INDICATIVE VERB has to
TRIGGER the subjunctive. It must
denote emotion, denial, uncertainty,
volition, influence, desire, etc.
2nd Subject
S1 + V1 + QUE + S2 + V2
This verb
will be in
the
subjunctive
.
El verbo “decir”:
¿Mandato? o ¿Hecho?
Videos that Explain Usage
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qlJxXPtv0cE&feature=
related (Formation - Irregulars)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rTTcm9OAcDo&featur
e=related (Influence)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EOsgpBgQDiA&featur
e=related (Emotion)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sjLJgCkRkjM&feature
=related (Doubt and Denial)