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Infinitive Form The infinitive form of a verb is simply the “To ----” form of the verb. Indicative Mood This is, by far, the most common of the three moods of verbs – it deals with stating elements of reality or actuality. She doubts her brother … They are in the van … Everybody loves Raymond Imperative Mood The imperative mood is when verbs are used as commands. For instance: Do your homework, stop complaining and run to class. Subjunctive Mood (Only the Most Common Usage) If she were coming, she would be here by now. I insist that the chairman resign! Their main demand was that the lawsuit be dropped. God save the Queen! These sentences all contain verbs in the subjunctive mood, which is used chiefly to express the speaker’s attitude about the likelihood or factuality of a given situation. The present subjunctive occurs in that clauses used to state commands or to express intentions or necessity: We insist that he do the job properly. The committee proposes that she be appointed treasurer immediately It is essential that we be informed of your plan. The past subjunctive is sometimes called the were subjunctive, since were is the only subjunctive form that is distinct from the indicative past tense. It appears chiefly in if clauses and in a few other constructions expressing hypothetical conditions If he were sorry, he’d have apologized by now I wish she weren’t going away She’s already acting as if she were going to be promoted Suppose she were to resign, what would you do then? Gerunds When the “-ing” form of a verb is used as a noun, this is known as a gerund. For example: Skiing is her favorite sport They enjoy walking He spent his weekend sleeping Gerunds can be modified like nouns (That book makes for difficult reading). But they can also act like verbs in that they can take an object (Convincing him was never easy) and be modified by an adverb (Walking daily can improve your health). Practice & review Without using the front of this sheet (read it over and try this as a self-quiz), answer the following verb questions (NB – This counts as a homework, not as a quiz) Give three phrases or sentences that use gerunds 1) 2) 3) Identify the verb mood being used in the italicized parts of these sentences: I wish that this book were more interesting Robert, you need to do your homework. Eat your pudding before you leave for your date. Older Questions on verbs: Explain what a transitive verb is, and give an example The progressive tenses of a verb are all assisted by what helping verb(s) Give four verbs that have irregular past participles (ones that are NOT the same as the simple past tense). The present participle of a verb ends in ____________________ Which verb tense is being used in: “Stanley has been moving boxes all afternoon.”