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Teacher: Audrey Gonzalez CCISD Professor Mentor: Zhengdong Cheng, PhD Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering What type of engineering is conducted in the lab? Chemical Engineering What is the research? Soft condensed matter: colloids, droplets, and cells Gas in liquid Droplets Liquid in liquid Cell B.S., University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, China, 1990 M.S., Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, China, 1993 Ph.D., Princeton University, 1999 Postdoc, Exxon Mobil 99-2000, Harvard University, Ma, 2002-2004 Assistant professor, Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M Univ. 2004 (1) Colloidal Crystal Growth: Understanding colloid structure in order to Engineer Materials for Optical Computers (2) Discotic colloids: Using colloids to make replications of disk like shapes like those in RBCs, TMV, and Histones (3) Cell encapsulation: Creating protective “bubble” to encapsulate cells to release therapeutic substances for humans Colloidal crystals are 3 -D periodic structures formed from small particles suspended in solution Band gaps can be created within the structure of crystal to create a “circuit” for light to travel through in order to engineer optical computers Crystals can be created by using a suspension of polymers (PNIPAM) If there is a high volume fraction in suspension there are more crystals 0 min 25 min 4 min 89 min 11 min 152 min How do you structure colloidal crystals? One method is to use the Belousov-Zhabotinsky reaction. This reaction is used to convert its chemical energy to mechanical energy to order crystal structure. BZ reaction facilitated annealing of colloidal crystals Crystal with Grain Boundaries Single Crystal Biosa G, Bastianoni S, Rustici M Chemical waves CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 12 (13): 3430-3437 APR 14 2006 RBCs Disk shapes like those found in RBCs , TMV, Histones, and Lipoprotien E4 found in Alzheimers can be replicated to better understand their function Histones Lipoprotein E4 Tobacco Mosaic Virus • Wax with 1% STADIS450 • Flow Rate : 4ml/h • Voltage: 2.8 kV Tang, K. Q.; Gomez, A., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1996, 184,500. Step 2 Step 1 Step 3 Step 5 Step 4 Uniform wax emulsion Place wax emulsion in freezing temperature to form discs Encapsulating cells of interest with therapeutic agent with a “bubble-like” semipermeable membrane Implant cell capsules into human Cells release therapeutic substance such as insulin for diabetics. Method: Electrospray Make “bubbles” of Alginic acid solution with Turgitol (surfactant) then drop into a solution of Calcium Chloride One method is using Microfluidics Cells are joined together with semi-permeable membrane, “bubble”. Soft lithography (G.M. Whitesides, Harvard Univ.) Encapsulation of bacteria for screening purposes. Small diameter agarose bead (20µm), with a single bacteria encapsulated into. http://www.nisco.ch/19.htm 1. Using the Electrospray to create wax discs Why? To replicate form of RBCs and study flow of disk shaped objects 2. Make Agarose encapsulations and coat using layer by layer coating to form a protective layer around encapsulation Why? Coating is to create optimum mechanical strength that will allow for cell to survive in vivo and at the same time be able to secrete essential hormones needed by body (1) Colloidal Crystal Growth: (2) Discotic colloids: Making colloidal crystals for optical computers by creating ordered structure through BZ reaction Making colloidal disks via electrospray to study shape and flow of RBCs and Lipoproteins in Alzheimers disease (3) Cell encapsulation: Encapsulating cells to release therapeutic substances for humans using electrospray and microfluidics Dr. Zhengdong Chengdong Grad student : Andres Mejia Undergrad student : Lucas Kinard NSF