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CRYSTALS A crystal is… a solid material, whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in … all 3 dimensions Crystals grow in nature… Why do scientists grow crystals? There are 2 major reasons: to purify a substance and for x-ray crystallography Substances grown in crystals are extremely pure. These are insulin crystals, grown to purify the insulin used by diabetics X-ray crystallography is a method for determining the arrangement of atoms within a crystal. You grow a crystal of the substance and x-ray it. The diffraction pattern produced can be used to determine the 3-D structure of the molecule. These crystal structures have many scientific and medical applications; one example is structure-based drug design The better the crystal, the more structural information you obtain. Where are the best crystals grown? (Hint: it’s not on earth) In microgravity – like on the International Space Station!