Download Microorganisms

Kingdoms (simple to complex)
1. Monerans
2. Protists
3. Fungus
4. Plants
5.Animals
Microorganisms ...
... are living things that
require a microscope
to see them,
although...
... some
microorganisms
colonize,
…sometimes so big you can
see them
without
a microscope.
Microorganisms are mainly
represented in 2 Kingdoms:
 Moneransbacteria and bluegreen bacteria
 Protists- one celled “beasties”
that move
Plus a really strange group of
microorganisms called:
 Viruses
– Really common
I feel – Very, very small
sick! – Alive???
… and we will also study
Fungus- plant-like
decomposers that are
mostly colonial
Kingdoms (simple to complex)
1. Monerans
2. Protists
3. Fungus
4. Plants
5.Animals
Kingdom Monera:
 Have no nucleus
Bacteria
 Have chromosomes
that carry genetic
information.
 Have a cell wall
and cytoplasm
Moneran Groups(Phyla):
1. Blue-Green Bacteria:
single cell or chains; no
nucleus but have
chromosomes
– Pollute lakes (“algae
bloom”)
– producers, have
chlorophyll
–
2.
Bacteria-
single cell or
chain;
decomposers;
three shapes
(round,rod, spiral);
a few are harmful,
some helpful, most
neutral.
Bacteria is bad because:
 Causes many bacterial
diseases
Spoils food
Bacteria can be controlled
by:
Boiling
Dehydration
Cold Temperatures
Antiseptics (cleaning chemicals)
Antibiotics (medicines)
Bacteria is good because:
 Is the world’s greatest
decomposer- breaks down
(rots) dead things
 plus used in genetic
engineering, making foods,
softening leather, etc.
Movie w questions
Are Viruses Alive??
Alive
Not Alive
 Reproduce
 Can only
reproduce in
 Invade host
and cause harm host cell
 Cannot “live”
 Have protein
by itself
coat and DNA
Viruses are very small
and invade other cells.
Viruses
Bacteria
Human Skin Cell
All it takes is 1 virus to
attach to the cell membrane.
Receptor
Molecule
Virus invades host cell...
... they
reproduce
themselves
using the
host’s
energy.
Eventually the host cell is
destroyed...
... the viruses
spread out
of the cell to
invade
neighboring
cells, etc...
Viruses cannot be killed
by antibiotics because
they are not alive, but ...
... your immune system
produces
antibodies –
proteins that
destroy the
virus.
What is a
Vaccine?
Weakened form
of the virus that
builds up your
antibodies
Kingdoms (simple to complex)
1. Monerans
2. Protists
3. Fungus
4. Plants
5.Animals
Kingdom Protist...
... are single celled,
and have a nucleus.
most are consumers,
a few producers.
Protists are classified by how they move:
 SarcodinesMove by
oozing and
flowing
(very slow)
Ex. Amoeba
engulfing food.
 CiliatesMove by little
hairs called
cilia.
Ex. Paramecium
 Flagellatesmove by means
of a whip-like
tail called a
flagellum.
Ex. Euglena
 Sporozoans- do not move but instead
are parasites and move via their host.
Ex. Plasmodium- causes malaria
Parasite: lives in or on another organism and hurts it
Microorganisms
are important!
Some are helpful,
some are
harmful!
Kingdoms (simple to complex)
1. Monerans
2. Protists
3. Fungus
4. Plants
5.Animals
Kingdom Fungus...
... are mostly colonial
and decomposers
although some...
... are parasites
and cause
disease.
Fungi reproduce asexually
using spores released by
1. Club
Fungus.
Other fungi
produce
their spores in
2. Sac
Yeast
Fungus
Other fungi
release their
spores at the
ends of
thin
3.
Filament
Fungus.
However, the main idea is that
Kingdom Fungus:
 Is a colonial organism.
 Is not a plant, but a
decomposer.
 Reproduces asexually by
spores using clubs, sacs or
filaments.
 ex. Mold, mushrooms, mildew
A special decomposer is
the lichen...
... an algae
and fungus
living
together.
Kingdoms (simple to complex)
1. Monerans
2. Protists
3. Fungus
4. Plants
5.Animals