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DNA & RNA
The Vocabulary of DNA
 Genetics—The study of genes &
_________
 _______-- inherited
characteristic determined by the
presence and expression of
dominant and/or recessive
alleles.
 ________-- a segment of DNA
that codes for a protein, which in
turn codes for a trait (skin tone,
eye color, etc.)
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice
Wilkins took DNA X-ray photos that
were essential to the discovery of the
__________________of DNA by
James Watson and Francis Crick in
1953.
When Watson, Crick
and Wilkins got their
Nobel prize awards in
1962, Rosalind
Franklin was cheated
of deserved
recognition in part by
her early death from
cancer in 1958.
Why is the Study of DNA Important?
 It’s essential to all life on earth
 Medical Benefits—disease detection, treatment,
prevention
 Development of ________
 Forensics
Nucleotides
 Consists of…
 ___________
 Carbon sugar (deoxyribose)
 ___________ base
Types of Nitrogenous Bases
 A = adenine
 T = thymine
 C = cytosine
 G = guanine
DNA Strand
 Each nucleotide bonds to the
next one to form a strand.
 The two strands twist around a
________________to form a
double helix.
 Sides of the ladder alternate
phosphate and sugar
(___________________)
 Rungs are held together by
_____________ bonds
Base Pair Rule
 Adenine can bond only
with Thymine
 A-T or T-A (2 H bonds)
 Cytosine can bond only
with Guanine
 C-G or G-C (3 H bonds)
 This is called the BASE
PAIR RULE or
______________ Rule
RNA
 Ribonucleic Acid
 Consists only of one
strand of nucleotides
 Has____________
(a 5C sugar) NOT
deoxyribose
 Has uracil (U) as a
nitrogenous base
NOT _________