Download Section 4.2 - CPO Science

Organisms and the
Environment
Chapter Four: Physical Science
Connections
• 4.1 Elements and Compounds
• 4.2 The Compounds of Life
• 4.3 Physical Variables
4.2 Carbon compounds and cells
• Life as we know it is
carbon based.
• A carbon atom can
form chemical bonds
with other carbon
atoms in long chains
or rings.
4.2 Carbon compounds and cells
• Carbon compounds in living things include:
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids and nucleic
acids.
4.2 Carbohydrates, fats and
proteins
• Carbohydrates are
energy-rich compounds
made from carbon,
hydrogen, and oxygen.
• Cells use carbohydrates
to get and store energy.
• Carbohydrates are also
called sugars or starches.
4.2 Carbohydrates
• Plant cells store energy as starch.
• Rice, potatoes, and wheat are plant starches.
4.2 Lipids
• Lipids are made by cells
to store energy for long
periods of time.
• Lipids include fats, oils,
and waxes.
Can you think of examples of
lipids in plants or animals?
4.2 Proteins
• Proteins are very
large molecules made
of carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, nitrogen, and
sometimes sulfur.
• Protein molecules are
made of smaller
molecules called
amino acids.
4.2 Nucleic acids
• Nucleic acids are compounds made of long,
repeating chains called nucleotides.
• DNA is a nucleic acid that contains the
information cells need to make all of their
proteins.
4.2 DNA
• Some scientists
refer to DNA as the
“blueprints” for life.
What is a blueprint and
why might scientists use
this “analogy”?
Investigation 4A
Carbon Dioxide and Living Things
• How is carbon dioxide
important to living things?