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AP Biology Review Jeopardy Press return to go to the main game board. For instructions, go to Biochem for 100 For instructions, click on Biochem for 100 Biochem The Cell Energy Gene Expression DNA Misc. 100 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 500 750 750 750 750 750 750 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 1000 $100 What is the structure of an amino acid? Press return to go to the answer H | NH2 -C-COOH | R To return back to the main game board, click on the microscope $200 W X Y Z E1 E2 E3 If Z inhibits Enzyme 2, which product would first build up in the cell? $200 X $300 How do and -glucose differ? $300 They are structural isomers $400 Why can we not digest cellulose? $400 It is composed of -glucose $500 What is a peptide bond? $500 Bond between two amino acids $750 What is a condensation reaction? $750 The removal of water during polymer formation $1000 Why would an enzyme be denatured in acidic conditions? $1000 The acid would interrupt the interaction between charged amino acids (tertiary structure) $100 Major difference between plant and animal cells $100 The cell wall vs. the cell membrane $200 Molecule responsible for the insolubility of the cell membrane in water $200 Phospholipid $300 In a cell, what functions to give shape, enable movement, and anchor organelles? $300 Microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate fibers $400 How do prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes? $400 Prokaryotes: no nucleus, circular DNA $500 What is the function of the nucleolus? $500 Synthesis of ribosomes $750 What is a kinetochore? $750 Structure that links the centromere to spindle apparatus $1000 How many membranes compose a chloroplast? $1000 Three - outer, inner and grana $100 Each NADH + H+ generated in the Krebs cycle generates X ATP $100 X=3 $200 True or False: Aerobic respiration is more ancient than anaerobic respiration $200 False $300 Where is ATP generated? $300 Chloroplast stroma and Mitochondrial matrix $400 The oxygen consumed during respiration results in the production of? $400 H2 O $500 What is the primary role of light in photosynthesis? $500 Light excites electrons in chlorophyll that are captured by the primary electron acceptor $750 These plants open their stomata during the night for carbon fixation $750 CAM $1000 What is photorespiration? $1000 A process that consumes O2 with out producing ATP $100 What is the function of the regulator gene on the lac operon? $100 The gene directs the synthesis of a regulator protein that will repress gene expression $200 Mutation of which base in a triplet codon would be least likely to cause a genetic mutation? $200 The third position $300 How did scientists demonstrated that DNA replication is semiconservative? $300 They cultured bacteria in heavy nitrogen and demonstrated that during DNA replication only one strand contained heavy nitrogen $400 Which strand of DNA is replicated by Okazaki fragments? $400 The lagging strand, which is elongated in the 3’ to 5’ direction DAILY DOUBLE What is the difference between glycogen and amylopectin? DAILY DOUBLE Glycogen: extensively branched storage carbohydrate in animals (liver) Amylopectin: branched storage carbohydrate in plants (amyloplasts) $750 Mutations are often thought of as “mistakes” but they are also beneficial. Name one benefit. $750 Genetic diversity $1000 Why is the one gene - one protein hypothesis incorrect? $1000 Alternative splicing generates different proteins from the same gene. $100 If red hair, blue eyes, and freckles were consistently inherited together,the best explanation would be? $100 These genes are linked on the same chromosome $200 A human genetic defect that affects the ability to metabolize a particular amino acid is? $200 Phenylketonuria $300 In mitosis the resulting cell is Xn $300 X=2 $400 In complete dominance what would be the phenotypic ratio of a Tt x tt cross, if “t” produced short stems in plants? $400 1 long-stemmed plant: 1 shortstemmed plant $500 List three types of conditions under which mitosis occurs $500 Wound repair, regeneration, growth and development $750 Suppose you wanted a family consisting of two girls and a boy, what are the chances? $750 1/8 $1000 List the phases of the cell cycle in order $1000 G1, S, G2, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase, Cytokinesis $100 What evidence supports the endosymbiotic theory? $100 Mitochondria and chloroplasts contain circular DNA and prokaryotic-like ribosomes $200 What would a cell undergoing prophase I of meiosis contain that a cell undergoing mitosis would not? $200 Paired homologous chromosomes $300 Name four enzymes used during DNA replication $300 Helicase, RNA primase, DNA polymerase, DNA ligase $400 What is DPIP used for? $400 It accepts electrons that normally would be accepted by NADP+ $500 If you added sugar to water, would the water potential decrease or increase $500 The water potential would decrease (become more negative) $750 List three ways bacteria can become genetically diverse? $750 Conjugation, transformation, transduction $1000 How do ribosomes attach to the ER? $1000 The SRP attaches to the signal peptide and this complex translocates to the ribosome