Download Middle Ages - Lesson # 4 - Crusades - pamelalewis

Unit # 3 – Middle Ages
Lesson # 4: Crusades
Rome Falls
Feudalism Begins
Christianity Spreads
Cities and Towns
Grow
Trade Increases
The Crusades are
Fought
Objective
and Bell Ringer
• Bell Ringer: Complete “Christianity Spreads” portion of
the Flow Chart (see above if missed class). Describe the
Christian Religion in this box.
• Objective: Describe how the Crusades have had a lasting impact
on society
• Exit Ticket: 1 paragraph answering question – Why were people
willing to fight in the Crusades?
Title “True or False”
The Crusades reading
The Crusades Video Guided Questions-in notebook
Crusades, Increased Trade
Religion and Politics
1. Where did people turn for stability during the
Middle Ages?
2. Who controlled the Church?
3. What are three powers of the church?
Remember from yesterday…
• Where did people turn for stability during the
Middle Ages?
• The Catholic Church
• Who controlled the Church?
• The Pope
• What are three powers of the church?
• Excommunication – kick people out
• Laws – Pax Dei and Treuga Dei
• Tithing – Collecting tax
True or False
First, copy down the following statements into your
notes leaving 3-4 spaces in between each
statement to provide justification:Answer today
1. The Roman Empire did not help the Church become
widespread across Europe.
2. The Catholic Church was very powerful.
3. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Catholic
Church hurt the stability of the region.
4. Excommunication and Interdicts were ineffective at
curbing bad behavior from the people.
5. Pax Dei and Treuga Dei existed to create peace.
The Crusades
• From the 11th to 13th centuries, European
Christians went on the Crusades
▫ The Crusades were a series of military
campaigns to regain the Holy Land from the
Muslims who were known as infidels (nonbelievers)
▫ The goal of each Crusade was to take
Jerusalem and the surrounding area away
from the Muslims
 Many Christians believed that Jesus
would only come again once Christians
held Jerusalem
 The Muslims also considered Jerusalem
▫ The Byzantine Emperor asked for help and Pope
Urban II responded by urging Christians to take
up arms in a holy war (1095)
 Slogan: “God wills it!”
 Captured Jerusalem and killed most of its
inhabitants
• Second Crusade
▫ A few years later the Muslims began to
recapture lands
▫ It was a complete failure – took no lands from
Muslims
• Third Crusade
▫ A new leader emerges among the Muslims –
Salah ad-Din, whom the Europeans call Saladin
 In 1187 he captured Jerusalem
▫ Due to this, the Third Crusade is launched and
several monarchs set out for the Holy Land
 Only Richard made it to and fought in the
Holy Land
▫ King Richard and Saladin fought fiercely against
each other and although Richard won several
battles, he was not able to take Jerusalem
▫ Richard instead negotiates an agreement with
Saladin for Christian pilgrims to be allowed to
go into Jerusalem and he returns home
• Children’s Crusade
▫ , seven ships carrying 20,000 French children
sails for the Holy Land
 Two ships sink and the other five ships
reach North Africa, where the rest of the
children were sold into slavery
• Effects of the Crusades
▫ There were nine Crusades launched from 1096
to 1291 – the First Crusade was the only
successful one
▫ The Crusades increased trade and some Italian
cities benefited economically
▫ Lots of money and manpower spent on the
Crusades
▫ Led to the deaths of many knights and nobles
 Kings gained power as they took over
unoccupied lands
▫ Brought knowledge of Muslim culture to
Europe
▫ Began to view all non-Christians as enemies
 Undertaking holy wars against Muslims
 Massacres of Jews became a feature of
medieval European life, anti-Semitism
increases
 Anti-Semitism = hostility towards Jews
▫ Breeds centuries of mistrust between
Christians and Muslims
Crusade Reason For
Result
First
Second
Third
Fourth
Children’s
People Involved
Revival and Growth of Trade
• After the Crusades trade began to grow
• Most of the early trading cities were found in
Italy, with Venice being the most important
▫ Other Italian cities, wanting to get wealthy,
created their own trade routes
• Trade in the north was dominated by the
Hanseatic League
▫ Group of northern German cities and towns
that worked together to promote and protect
trade
Medieval Trade
• Trade encouraged people to use money again
▫ Before, workers had been paid with goods
▫ This led to some merchants allowing their
customers to buy goods on credit
 Credit = the promise of later payment
▫ This also led to the creation of Europe’s first
banks
• In the 12th century, craftspeople organized into
business associations called guilds that played
a leading role in urban economics
▫ The primary functions of a guild was to restrict
competition
▫ Craft guilds set quality standards, specified
methods of production, fixed the price of the
finished product, and determined who could
enter the guild
• A person who wanted to learn a trade first
became an apprentice to a master craftsperson
around the age of 8
▫ They received room and board, but no pay
▫ After 5 to 7 years, apprentices became a
journeyman who worked for pay for other
masters
▫ To become a master, they had to produce a
masterpiece which the guild would judge
Crusades pp. 404-407
Total Crusades -9
Focus Crusades-4
Use graphic organizer given:
For each of the four crusades in the text write a
description that includes
• Year
• Cause
• Two groups fighting
• End Result
Crusade Analysis
Use pp. 404 -407 Answer these questions in your notebook
I. Which crusades were successful? Why?
II. Who was Richard the Lion –Hearted?
III. Who was Saladin?
IV. Which group took control of Jerusalem (Holy
Land) at the end of the crusades?
V. Give 4 lasting impacts of the Crusades (use p.
407)
The Crusades
• Video-Discovery Education: The Crusades
• Part 1: 3:57- 15:50; Part 2: 24:54-32:15
Part 1: 3:57- 15:50
What writings did the scholars translate?
What type of math was formed by the Islamic scientist?
What contributions to medicine did the Islamic scientist make?
How long was the Islamic studies of anatomy used by Europeans?
How did Europe learn to make paper?
Part 2: (24:54-32:15)
What city did the crusaders want to conquer?
What type of architecture did the crusaders build in the Middle East?
How do you think the crusades caused cultural diffusion?
The Crusades
• Video-Discovery Education: The Crusades
• Part 1: 3:57- 15:50; Part 2: 24:54-32:15
Exit Ticket
Answer the following question in the form of
a paragraph or concept web on a separate
sheet of paper:
Using information given in this lesson and
Chapter 19 explain why was the Catholic
Church able to provide stability during the
Middle Ages?