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Transcript
Saladin Tithe Saladin recaptures Jerusalem and Acre 1187. Extra 10% tax on the people of Western Europe for the Crusade. Why? Who? Who was involved? -Richard I of England -Phillip II Augustus of France Frederick I (Barbarossa) the Holy Roman Emperor Saladin The Crusade Barbarossa ends up drowning Richard, Phillip and the rest of the German army defeat Saladin at the Battle of Acre. Phillip leaves b/c Richard slaughter of 3,000 Muslims when Saladin is slow to pay. Richard’s Fight Neither side can win decisive battle. Finally agreed to treaty Mutual respect 1192 Jerusalem stays in Muslim control but Christian pilgrims may visit unarmed and untouched. Legacy? The Fourth Crusade 1198 Pope Innocent III calls for crusade, but not much interest. Why? • Crusaders become entangled in Venetian politics • Sack Constantinople in 1204 Drives two sects further apart and is the last nail for Byzantines. EXEMPLIFIES ALL OF THE PROBLEMS OF THE CRUSADES FOR THE EUROPEANS Children’s Crusade Impacted by earlier losses/embarrassment 1212 Boys led by Stephen Cloyes from France started walking to Jerusalem (possibly sold as slaves). Reconquista The “Reconquest” of Spain -from which group? 1140-Established Portugal 1300 – Control peninsula except for Grenada Ferdinand and Isabella complete conquering of Spain by 1492. Begin expelling Non-Christians The Inquisition Spanish court to find heretics By 1252 torture is used by the Church for gaining admission of sin. By 1500’s Jews and Moors were expelled from Spain. Outcome Overall there were nearly 12 Crusades, with none successful Emphasis shifts to money economy. Also, the breakdown of feudalism hastened by powerful kings. Impact