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What was the medieval way of life based upon the ownership and use of land? Feudalism What did the king call the land that he kept for his own personal use? Crown land. What was the code of conduct for the nobility and knights? Chivalry A family’s colorful design worn on armor and shields for identification was called ____________. Coat of Arms Name the sport in which to knights fought to unhorse each other. Jousting Peasants who worked the manors were called ___________. Serfs What were minstrels? musicians who played stringed instruments and sang ballads of love and war A __________ was piece of land in the feudal system. fief A ________ officially became a knight around age 21. squire The church forbade fighting from Friday to Sunday by proclaiming the _______ of God. Truce _____________ was the lord’s land worked by the serfs Demesne The ________ crusade met with limited success, establishing four kingdoms in Palestine. First The ________ crusade was led by great kings, including Richard I. Third ____________________ preached for the Second Crusade. Bernard of Clairvaux ________ was the sultan of Egypt who successfully united the Muslims against the Crusaders. Saladin a _________ was a middle class town. Burg __________ was known for wool. Flanders _____________ from Scandinavia pillaged the coastline of Europe and England. Vikings (Norsemen) A _________ was an association of trade unions. guild The _________ were the family of powerful bankers from Florence. Medici ________ churches are known for their tall walls and large, pointed windows Gothic _______________ was known as the “Morning Star of the Reformation.” Wycliffe ___________ Was an early Medieval scientist from England. Bacon ______________ preached the truth of God’s word in Bohemia. John Huss ___________ was a fiery preacher in Florence. Savonarola ________________ wrote the Canterbury Tales. Chaucer The oldest German university was located at __________. Prague The first medieval university was established in ____________. Salerno The terrible ___________ killed 1/3 to ½ of the entire population of Europe. Black Death (Plague) _____________ combined Greek philosophy with Roman theology. Scholasticism ___________ promoted scholasticism and Thomism. Aquinas People who used their own money to support the arts were called __________. patrons __________________, a German printer, invented the movable-type printing press. Johann Gutenberg He invented it in about the year _______ . 1440 _________ was known as the “Father of Humanism.” Petrarch The only book of lasting importance to be produced during the Italian Renaissance was “The Prince”, by_____________. Machiavelli ____________ most famous painting was Descent from the Cross. Giotto’s _____________ was considered one of the three geniuses and is perhaps best known for his painting The School of Athens. Raphael _________________ , another of the 3 geniuses, painted the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper in addition to accomplishments in many other fields. Leonardo da Vinci _____________ may have been the greatest artist of all time, painting the walls and ceilings of the Sistine Chapel and sculpting David and Moses. Michelangelo ____________________ wrote the classic The Imitation of Christ. Thomas a Kempis _______________ began the Brethren of the Common Life. Gerhard Groote.