Download Warm Up

Cellular Processes:
The processes we will discuss…
1. Photosynthesis
2. Cellular Respiration
3. Transport
 Active
 Passive
 Diffusion
 Osmosis
4. Fermentation
1. Photosynthesis

Plant cells use energy from
the sun, carbon dioxide and
water to make food.
Starting
Materials
Energy
(sunlight)
Carbon
Dioxide
Water
Process
The chloroplasts take
the sunlight, carbon
dioxide and water and
make food
Products
Sugars
(glucose)
 Oxygen

2. Cellular Respiration

Animal Cells then use the oxygen
and sugars to “breathe” and make
energy (ATP)
Starting
Materials
Sugars
(glucose)
Oxygen
Process
The mitochondria takes
the sugar and the
oxygen and makes
energy
Products
Energy
(ATP)
Carbon
Dioxide
Water
Cellular Respiration Review Question

Why do you breathe more when
you’re running around than
when you’re sitting watching
television?
Cellular Respiration Answer


Because you’re requiring more energy
when you run than when you’re just
sitting watching TV right?
So if you need more energy, then you
need more oxygen to give you that
energy so your cells undergo
respiration!
3. TRANSPORT


Things have to move in and out
of the cell
There are 2 types of transport
Active Transport
 Passive Transport

Remember: Which organelle
allows things to enter or leave
the cell?
Active
 Materials
VS.
are
moved in and
out of cell
using the cell’s
energy
Remember:
Passive
 Materials
are
moved in
and out of
cell
WITHOUT
using the
cell’s
energy
Which organelle makes the energy for the cell again?
What is that process called when the cell makes energy?
Passive Transport

The cell uses two main
processes to passively move
materials in and out of the cell.


Diffusion
Osmosis
Diffusion

Process by which molecules spread
out

Move from areas of HIGH
concentration to LOW concentration
BUT WHY??
Equilibrium


Molecules don’t
like to be crowded,
so they diffuse, or
spread out until
their concentration
is equal
everywhere!
This idea is known
as equilibrium
Diffusion Review Question

What happens to the
concentration of Kool-Aid when
you add water? Why?
Diffusion Review Answer

The Kool-Aid begins to move
throughout the water so the
concentration of kool-aid
becomes the same throughout
the water and it reaches
equilibrium
Diffusion Demo
Osmosis

The diffusion of water through a
membrane
Remember:
Which organelle would
store water in the cell??
Osmosis Review Question

Why do your hands get wrinkly
when you’re in the water for a
long time?
Osmosis Review Answer

When your hands are in water for a long
period time you wash off the oily
substance that keeps water for entering
your skin. So once that oily layer is
washed away your skin becomes semipermeable and water diffuses into your
skin. Your hands become wrinkly
because they are trying to reach
equilibrium with the water!!
4. Fermentation



Also known as Anaerobic
Respiration
Occurs when NO oxygen
is available to the cell
2 types –
 Alcoholic Fermentation
– occurs in bacteria
and yeast (makes
dough rise and gives
bread its holes)
 Lactic Acid
Fermentation – occurs
in muscle cells (causes
burning sensation in
muscles during rapid
exercise when oxygen
is not available)