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Renaissance (1400-1650)
Mr. Cummings
World History
"Rebirth" of classical ideas, transition from
Middle Ages to Modern

Greek/Roman ideas revived by Italians
Italy’s location fosters explosion of trade,
wealth & freedom to evolve w/o religion
Plague & War bring end to Feudalism
Spreads to England, France, Germany, etc.
New importance to individual expression,
self-consciousness & worldly experience
Renaissance Man = master of all things
Scholars, poets, craftsmen & artists were
supported by patrons (One that supports,
protects, or champions someone or
something), not just church
Middle Ages vs. the Renaissance
Suffer for Church ----------------- Humanism
Feudalism--------------------- Nation-State
Church support ------------ Worldly Support
Europe is World ------------ World beyond
Europe
Rule by Divine Right ----- human strengths
Focus on classical ideals

Realistic view of nature and man instead of
lofty attempts at perfection
Human values & capabilities stressed
Promoted balance between church/intellect
Humanism Affects Renaissance
Architecture -- Use of classical forms
(arches, vaults, domes)
Painting -- New use of perspective and
color (“linear perspective”)
Philosophy – Humanism - people have the
power to be what they choose
Writing -- Writers question world around
them - stories reflect realism over church
Renaissance Writers
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469-1527)
Political life a passion to him- not just a job
or position but a driving force within him
Banished from Italy by Medici family b/c of
extreme opinions
Wrote The Prince (1500’s) to convey his
obsession with power/politics

Written as instruction book for rulers- advice
letter to prince
The Prince (1500’s)
The Good…
Political leadership over
Monarchial leadership
Compel people to obey
whether they want to or not
Observe how people
actually behave, as opposed
to how they ought to behave
… and The Bad
“The End Justifies the
Means”
Results over Ethics
Thomas Moore (1478-1535)
Greatest of 16th century intellectuals
Broke mold of debate over the good of man
Wrote Utopia in 1516

Private property caused corruption & war
Society's institutions are flawed not Man
Utopian island described as the ideal
socialistic society
Art in the Renaissance
Giotto's
Arena
Chapel
(1307)
YO, what’s on all
of these walls?
Masaccio, The Holy Trinity (1428)
Donatello, David, 1428
Sandro Botticelli, Primavera, c. 1478
Leonardo da Vinci, The Last Supper
Michelangelo, David
Michelangelo, Creation of Adam
Michelangelo’s Ceiling (1508-12)
Small chapel home to
greatest Renaissance
paintings
Sistine Chapel
Series depicts history of
mankind before Christ
Visit the site!
Rafael, School of Athens (1510-1511)
Technological Advances of the
Renaissance
Math and Science
Math: use of letters in algebraic equations
Astronomy: ethnocentrism – earth revolves
around Sun, not other way around!
Anatomy: human brain dissected for 1st
time in 1315
Johannes Gutenberg (1394-1468)
Inventor of the movable type printing press

Idea borrowed from Chinese press (1288)
Gutenberg Bible first book printed
Made knowledge accessible to all, ending
domination of the elites
Most influential invention of millennium

What modern invention(s) aid our country?