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Transcript
b. Ãl querÃa [+PAST] He want.3.sg.Imp.Ind que lo that him.acc ayude [-PAST] help.3.sg.Prs.Subj porque because no sabÃa cazar. not know.3.sg.Imp.Ind hunt âHe wanted him to help him because he didnât know how to huntâ (Peruvian Sp) (Sessarego 2008:95) In (10a) and (10b) the subjunctive occurs in a nominal clause whose matrix clause has a verb in the imperfect past and the main verb requires the use of a subjunctive verb in the embedded clause. These are all instances of the sequence [+PAST, -PAST] in a nominal clause, which is ruled out by Suñer & Padilla-Riveraâs analysis. The data above illustrate that the occurrence of the present subjunctive in an embedded clause is not restricted by or dependent upon the tense of the main clause. The only restriction constraining the occurrence of the present subjunctive is the requirement that the clause in which it occurs should be an embedded clause. I argue that neither the semantics of the main verb, nor the tense of the main clause, nor the type of embedded clause, have any effect on the choice of the present subjunctive over the past subjunctive. These forms (i.e., present and past subjunctive) are in free variation, with the present subjunctive becoming more and more common across clause types and tenses (see footnote 18 and §9.2 for further discussion) In the next section I discuss tense cross-linguistically and outline Reichenbachâs and Hornsteinâs theories of tense. 13
