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Welcome to Discovery Education Player 11/12/11 3:46 PM Texas - Grade 7 Concept Review: Mendel and Heredity What is heredity and who first proposed it? Gregor Mendel first proposed the theory of heredity. Heredity occurs when parents pass genetic information to their offspring, which results in the offspring having physical traits similar to their parents’ traits. How do organisms inherit traits from their parents? Organisms inherit genetic information from their parents in the form of alleles. An organisms inherited genetic information, or genotype, is responsible for an organisms physical characteristics, or phenotype. How do scientists predict which genes an organism will inherit? Scientists use a Punnet Square to predict the possible genotypic and phenotypic outcomes that may occur during sexual reproduction. Why are some physical traits more common than others? An organism’s physical traits are determined by its genetic makeup. Most organisms inherit two versions of a gene for each physical trait. Sometimes, one gene is “dominant” over another “recessive” gene. When and organism inherits two dominant genes or a dominant gene and a recessive gene, their phenotype will reflect the dominant trait. When an organism inherits two recessive genes, their phenotype will reflect the recessive trait. How do humans select for certain traits in some organisms? Humans breed animals with certain traits by selecting parent animals with desirable traits. When the selected parent animals have offspring, these offspring are more likely to have the desired trait than offspring produced through random mating. This process is called artificial selection. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=2f89348…uidUnitId=b45baa13-c7ba-41d3-80ad-40707f4be5b3&print=1&blnPopup=1 Page 1 of 1