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Common Infectious Disease Review Name: Natalie Fury and Mary Thompson 1. Please indicate the four types of common infectious disease or pathogens that enter the body. Answer: bacteria, viruses, protozoans , and fungi 2. What is a virus? And how do they differ from other pathogens? Answer: the smallest pathogens. They are smaller than most and reproduce after entering a living cell. 3. How do Tcells and Bcells of your immune system respond to pathogens? Answer: Killer Tcells- destroy infected body cells Helper Tcells- produce chemicals to stimulate other T and B Cells to fight infection Suppressor T cells- produce chemicals that turn off other system cells when an infection has been brought under control. Bcells- produce antibodies 4. Name the four most common bacterial infections in the United States? Answer: strep throat, lyme disease, bacterial meningitis, tuberculosis 5. What are some common healthful behaviors that can help you avoid infectious diseases? Answer: storing and preparing foods properly, wash hands, not sharing eating utensils. 6. An epidemic is an? Answer: An unusually high occurrence of a disease in a certain place during a certain time period. 7. List the four common viral diseases and ways you can treat them? Answer: The Common Cold- no cure Influenza- immunizations, antiviral medications Pneumonia- hospitalization Hepatitis- immunizations, hospitalization 8. Please explain why a protozoan differs from bacteria. Protozoan are much larger and more complex than bacteria. 9. What is the body’s process for fighting an infection either internally or externally? Blood vessels enlarge and blood, other fluids, and white blood cells engulf and destroy pathogens. 10. Describe the different ways a pathogen can enter the body? (where and how) Infected people- from inhaling pathogens, sexual contact Infected animals- animal bites in skin Contaminated Objects- through doorknobs, eating utensils, or needles Contaminated Food, Soil, or Water- naturally present pathogens can be eaten or drank.