Cross-Species Infection and Characterization of Avian Hepatitis E
... avian HEV were used to prepare an avian HEV infectious stock. The infectivity titer of this infectious stock was determined, by intravenously inoculating one-week old SPF chickens, to be 5 x 104.5 50% chicken infectious doses (CID50) per ml. Seroconversion, viremia as well as fecal virus shedding we ...
... avian HEV were used to prepare an avian HEV infectious stock. The infectivity titer of this infectious stock was determined, by intravenously inoculating one-week old SPF chickens, to be 5 x 104.5 50% chicken infectious doses (CID50) per ml. Seroconversion, viremia as well as fecal virus shedding we ...
Human Rabies Prevention — United States, 2008 Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
... However, because of the almost universal fatality among untreated persons infected with rabies virus, no such controlled studies exist. However, studies describing final health outcomes among persons exposed to the rabies virus do exist, including studies using formulations of rabies biologics, timi ...
... However, because of the almost universal fatality among untreated persons infected with rabies virus, no such controlled studies exist. However, studies describing final health outcomes among persons exposed to the rabies virus do exist, including studies using formulations of rabies biologics, timi ...
... However, because of the almost universal fatality among untreated persons infected with rabies virus, no such controlled studies exist. However, studies describing final health outcomes among persons exposed to the rabies virus do exist, including studies using formulations of rabies biologics, timi ...
rhabdoviridae - Department of Library Services
... position in Europe has been reversed dramatically since the introduction of oral vaccination of foxes (see below). In the developing nations of Central and South America, Africa and Asia, dog rabies (urban rabies) is predominant and there may be as many as 50 000 human cases each year, over 90 per c ...
... position in Europe has been reversed dramatically since the introduction of oral vaccination of foxes (see below). In the developing nations of Central and South America, Africa and Asia, dog rabies (urban rabies) is predominant and there may be as many as 50 000 human cases each year, over 90 per c ...
ACUTE ENCEPHALITIS IN CHILDHOOD: Clinical Characteristics
... etiology often remains unclear. Furthermore, the long-term prognosis of acute encephalitis in children is poorly described and prognostic markers in the acute phase are lacking. In this thesis, the aim was to characterize acute encephalitis in childhood in regard to etiology, clinical presentation a ...
... etiology often remains unclear. Furthermore, the long-term prognosis of acute encephalitis in children is poorly described and prognostic markers in the acute phase are lacking. In this thesis, the aim was to characterize acute encephalitis in childhood in regard to etiology, clinical presentation a ...
Imogam® Rabies – HT
... Rabies is a viral infection transmitted in the saliva of infected mammals. Both dog and bat saliva exposures appear to be major contributors (see below) with or without apparent bites. The virus enters the central nervous system of the host, causing an encephalomyelitis that is fatal. After the mark ...
... Rabies is a viral infection transmitted in the saliva of infected mammals. Both dog and bat saliva exposures appear to be major contributors (see below) with or without apparent bites. The virus enters the central nervous system of the host, causing an encephalomyelitis that is fatal. After the mark ...
Infectivity in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) of plasma collected
... rapid increase in serum RNA levels occurs (ramp-up) or intermittent low-level HCV RNA detection (previously referred to in HIV and SIV infections as “blip” viremia)8,9 that precedes ramp-up by varying intervals up to 2 months. Because HCV RNA levels are very low in this very early phase of infection ...
... rapid increase in serum RNA levels occurs (ramp-up) or intermittent low-level HCV RNA detection (previously referred to in HIV and SIV infections as “blip” viremia)8,9 that precedes ramp-up by varying intervals up to 2 months. Because HCV RNA levels are very low in this very early phase of infection ...
MPI-STD-TVTL Diagnostic Tests, Vaccines, Treatments and Post
... Schedule 1: MPI approved diagnostic tests .................................................................................................................................... 4 Schedule 2: MPI approved vaccines ......................................................................................... ...
... Schedule 1: MPI approved diagnostic tests .................................................................................................................................... 4 Schedule 2: MPI approved vaccines ......................................................................................... ...
190.14 - Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing (Diagnosis)
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
190.14 - Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Testing (Diagnosis)
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
... (EIA) which are used to confirm exposure of an individual’s immune system to specific viral antigens. These assays may be formatted to detect HIV-1, HIV-2, or HIV-1 and 2 simultaneously and to detect both IgM and IgG. When the initial EIA test is repeatedly positive or indeterminate, an alternative ...
Arsenic ecotoxicology and innate immunity
... others 2001). Freshwater plants and peat moss have been shown to contain considerable amounts of arsenic (Reay 1972; Minkkinen and Yliruokanen 1978). Due to the high metal-binding affinity of their soils, wetlands may have elevated concentrations of arsenic (Beining and Ote 1996) when compared with ...
... others 2001). Freshwater plants and peat moss have been shown to contain considerable amounts of arsenic (Reay 1972; Minkkinen and Yliruokanen 1978). Due to the high metal-binding affinity of their soils, wetlands may have elevated concentrations of arsenic (Beining and Ote 1996) when compared with ...
Epidemiology and Public Health Significance of Rabies
... all warm-blooded animals and remains to be the most important zoonotic disease mainly affecting the developing countries. It is an acute, progressive and almost fatal encephalomyelitis caused by the Rabies virus and other Lyssavirus species of the family Rhabdoviridae. The disease has worldwide dist ...
... all warm-blooded animals and remains to be the most important zoonotic disease mainly affecting the developing countries. It is an acute, progressive and almost fatal encephalomyelitis caused by the Rabies virus and other Lyssavirus species of the family Rhabdoviridae. The disease has worldwide dist ...
Feline Infectious Peritonitis
... the stresses of vaccination, relocation, and neutering [11,66]. The question as to why one cat develops FIP and many others do not is a subject of intensive research. A recent study failed to detect a correlation between genetic differences in the feline leukocyte antigen complex (class II polymorphi ...
... the stresses of vaccination, relocation, and neutering [11,66]. The question as to why one cat develops FIP and many others do not is a subject of intensive research. A recent study failed to detect a correlation between genetic differences in the feline leukocyte antigen complex (class II polymorphi ...
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) virion induced cancer and subfertility
... The sole purpose of virion production is to secure the survival of the HPV organism. By producing massive amounts of new virions in non-dividing cells, HPV ensures that it can infect new target cells. Ironically in the case of temporal subfertility, early reports start with the detection of HPV in a ...
... The sole purpose of virion production is to secure the survival of the HPV organism. By producing massive amounts of new virions in non-dividing cells, HPV ensures that it can infect new target cells. Ironically in the case of temporal subfertility, early reports start with the detection of HPV in a ...
Green Book: Chapter
... Hepatitis A is an infection of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus. The disease is generally mild, but severity tends to increase with age. Asymptomatic disease is common in children. Jaundice may occur in 70–80% of those infected as adults. Fulminant hepatitis can occur but is rare. The overall c ...
... Hepatitis A is an infection of the liver caused by hepatitis A virus. The disease is generally mild, but severity tends to increase with age. Asymptomatic disease is common in children. Jaundice may occur in 70–80% of those infected as adults. Fulminant hepatitis can occur but is rare. The overall c ...
Lowering the Detection Limits of HIV-1 Viral Load Using Real
... of HIV-1 viremia, several serologic assays to detect the HIV1 p24 antigen have been developed. The HIV-1 p24 antigen is detectable in the blood of infected people during the acute phase of infection and late in the disease. The methods presently available for the quantification of HIV-1 p24 antigen ...
... of HIV-1 viremia, several serologic assays to detect the HIV1 p24 antigen have been developed. The HIV-1 p24 antigen is detectable in the blood of infected people during the acute phase of infection and late in the disease. The methods presently available for the quantification of HIV-1 p24 antigen ...
10. Prevention and control of rabies in wild animals
... as in Europe. In contrast to other parts of the world, wildlife rabies in temperate North America involves many primary host cycles, often with overlapping geographical ranges, making animal rabies control a major challenge. The commonest primary hosts are red foxes (V. vulpes) in parts of Alaska an ...
... as in Europe. In contrast to other parts of the world, wildlife rabies in temperate North America involves many primary host cycles, often with overlapping geographical ranges, making animal rabies control a major challenge. The commonest primary hosts are red foxes (V. vulpes) in parts of Alaska an ...
A Current Overview of Two Viroids That Infect
... The chrysanthemum (Dendranthema X grandiflorum) is a member of the family Asteraceae, and it is one of the popular flowers in the world. The international market for cut and potted chrysanthemums is increasing, and chrysanthemums in many European and Asian countries are commercially very important f ...
... The chrysanthemum (Dendranthema X grandiflorum) is a member of the family Asteraceae, and it is one of the popular flowers in the world. The international market for cut and potted chrysanthemums is increasing, and chrysanthemums in many European and Asian countries are commercially very important f ...
review of pathogens of prawns - Australian Prawn Farmers Association
... Presumptive diagnosis of yellow-head disease is based on the presence of clinical signs and the history of disease in the culture facility, region or species (Lightner, 1996). A haemocyte staining method has been developed for the rapid diagnosis of the early stages of YHD (Anon, 1992). This involve ...
... Presumptive diagnosis of yellow-head disease is based on the presence of clinical signs and the history of disease in the culture facility, region or species (Lightner, 1996). A haemocyte staining method has been developed for the rapid diagnosis of the early stages of YHD (Anon, 1992). This involve ...
shiitake mushroom
... Lentinan was demonstrated to have antitumor activity and to increase survival time of patients with inoperable gastric cancer and women with recurrent breast cancer following surgical therapy. Specifically, when shiitake lentinan was administered once or twice each week along with chemotherapy to pa ...
... Lentinan was demonstrated to have antitumor activity and to increase survival time of patients with inoperable gastric cancer and women with recurrent breast cancer following surgical therapy. Specifically, when shiitake lentinan was administered once or twice each week along with chemotherapy to pa ...
PAHO/WHO Regional Research Agenda related to Zika
... Research Office, PAHO) prepared the initial report that was reviewed by technical areas. PAHO acknowledges that this report was made possible by the joint effort of its technical experts and those from other organizations. We gratefully acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions t ...
... Research Office, PAHO) prepared the initial report that was reviewed by technical areas. PAHO acknowledges that this report was made possible by the joint effort of its technical experts and those from other organizations. We gratefully acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions t ...
Pathogens Associated with Fishers
... Trichinella spiralis (Dick et al. 1986, Dick and Leonard 1979). In addition, West Nile virus (WNV), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (the agent causing granulocytic anaplasmosis) (Foley et al. 2004), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl; meaning in the broad sense; members of this group cause Lyme borrelios ...
... Trichinella spiralis (Dick et al. 1986, Dick and Leonard 1979). In addition, West Nile virus (WNV), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (the agent causing granulocytic anaplasmosis) (Foley et al. 2004), Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (sl; meaning in the broad sense; members of this group cause Lyme borrelios ...
Primates import risk analysis - Ministry for Primary Industries
... The risk analysis is limited to disease-causing organisms as defined in the Biosecurity Act. It covers viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, arthropod and helminth pathogens that can infect the primate species listed in the commodity definition below. Genetic diseases and other risk factors that may ...
... The risk analysis is limited to disease-causing organisms as defined in the Biosecurity Act. It covers viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoal, arthropod and helminth pathogens that can infect the primate species listed in the commodity definition below. Genetic diseases and other risk factors that may ...
Manual for the laboratory diagnosis of measles virus infection
... prevention of periodic measles outbreaks. These strategies include improved surveillance in order to understand the changing epidemiology of the disease (e.g. changes in the age distribution of cases, settings for measles transmission, etc.) and to identify high-risk populations. It is possible to p ...
... prevention of periodic measles outbreaks. These strategies include improved surveillance in order to understand the changing epidemiology of the disease (e.g. changes in the age distribution of cases, settings for measles transmission, etc.) and to identify high-risk populations. It is possible to p ...