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Cells and Heredity
Chapter 3.1
3.1 Vocabulary
 Cell membrane – The outer boundary of the
cytoplasm, a layer that controls what enters or
leaves the cell.
 Nucleus – The structure in a eukaryotic cell
that contains the genetic material a cell needs
to reproduce and function.
 Cycle – a series of events or actions that
repeat themselves regularly
3.1 Vocabulary
 DNA (p74) – The genetic material found in
all living cells that contains the information
needed for an organism to grow, maintain
itself, and reproduce.
 Chromosome (p75) – The physical
structure in a cell that contains the cell’s
genetic material
Cell Division
. Unicellular
(Procaryotic
cells, no
nucleus with
enclosed
membrane)reproduce
through binary
fission.
1
Cell Division
Eukaryotic Cell
(multicellular with
a nucleus with an
enclosed
membrane)-
Mitosis cell
division is
involved in
growth,
development, and
repair, as well as
in reproduction.
Chromosomes
DNA is wrapped around
proteins like thread around
a spool and compacted
into structures. Before
division, the chromosomes
compact more and become
more invisible under a light
microscope. During
division, a duplicated
chromosome can be seen
as two identical structures
called chromatids that are
held together by
centromeres.
Genetic material of
eukaryotic cells is
organized in
chromosomes
DNAdeoxyribonucleic
acid- is a
chemical that
contains
information for
an organism’s
growth and
functions.
DNA
 Made up of two strands of molecules.
 Made up of subunits called nucleotides.
 The genetic material that contains information
for a cell’s growth and function
3.1 Notes
Cell division is involved in many functions.
 Cell division occurs in all organisms.
 You grow because your cells divide and
produce more cells
 All new cells are produced from other cells.
Cell Division is
involved in
growth and repair
Only occurs in
multicellular
organisms.
1.Growth
2.Development
3.Repair
Bell Work 9/10/09
1. What is DNA?
2. Where is the DNA located in a
Eukaryotic cell?
3. Where is the DNA located in a
Prokaryotic cell?
Investigate Chromosomes
Pg. 76 in book
1. What did you observe about the loosely balled
yarn?
2. What does the loosely balled yarn represent?
3. What does the yarn on the craft sticks
represent?
4. Why does the yarn on the craft sticks take up
less space than the ball of yarn?
5. How does the yarn’s being wrapped on the
craft sticks make it easier to separate the
different colors?