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Chapter 2- Expansion and Trade Review Sheet Worldview Icons- Geography, Economy, Society Geography How did GEOGRAPHY impact the Renaissance in Italy? - Central Location Close to Europe, Middle East and Africa - Access to Ocean Ports on the East, West, and South ends of Italy Europe Middle East Africa - Mild Climate No harsh winter to interrupt trade, meaning trade can go on all year long The crusades - Religious wars fought between the Christians and Muslims. REMEMBER Christians believed that ALL people should be Christians and sought control of the Holy Land Effect/Result of the Crusades o Discovers luxury goods: pepper, spices, silk, oil, fruit etc… o BUT more importantly, they discovered new IDEA’S!!! Why? Because Muslim Civilization was far more advanced in terms of technology, science and other knowledge Access to Ocean/Trade routes + Inter-cultural Contact (due to the Crusades)= A changing Italian Society How did society change? FROM Medieval Feudalism Social Hierarchy is based upon Nobility/Royalty TO Renaissance City-States Social Hierarchy based upon how much money you made. MORE $$$ = MORE Power Due to several factors (Chapter One) we saw an increase in Urbanization (movement from RURAL[country] to URBAN [city] centres) For example: THE BLACK DEATH How you ask?? THE BLACK DEATH 30 000 000 lives lost Decrease in serfs Increased demand for paid labour Decrease or decline of Feudalism Increased Towns and Increase in Paid Labour= More money to be spent People meet demand for goods to make more money Rising merchant class (people trying to make money through selling goods) Increased trade (and competition) to get goods to sell = Wealthy Businessmen and a Merchant Class Money = Power So… Merchants = Power Resulting in New Ruling Class Economy - - More money means you need a system to handle the money. Banks and Ursuries (interest) are created during this period to fund expenses like trade and expeditions that require a lot of money. Competition in trade lead to travel between City-States for business. Each City-State wanted to be the best of the best so… They encouraged the Arts and Architecture to make their cities grand and appealing Those who visited Italy from outside Italy, saw it’s magnificence and sought to copy it. Spreading Italian values and idea’s across Europe. Therefore, we see the spreading of the RENAISSANCE!! This is the magic of trade folks! The Medici’s “The Mob of The Renaissance” A famous and powerful family in Florence - - Money from wool and banking Gained power via alliances and marriages within Europe o Four Pope’s o Two royal wives of French Kings Became Dukes of Florence In 1434, Cosimo de Medici was rich enough to buy support and exile enemies Continues to grow their fortune They also wanted to make Florence impressive, leading to an establishment of culture like the Arts and Architecture o Sponsored: Leonardo da Vinci, Botticelli, Michelangelo All famous Renaissance men.
