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Transcript
Renaissance and Reformation Chapter 16 The Italian Renaissance Renaissance Time – 1350 – 1600 of a cultural awakening First began in Italian city-states Close to Roman and Greek Empires Humanism A strong interest in classic writings Education and Literature Humanists Taught opened schools history, philosophy, Latin, Greek Inspired writings of daily life sonnets were popular Niccolo Machiavelli – The Prince The end justifies the means Scholars began challenging authority City Life Cities were stronger in Italy Social Groups Easier to discard feudalism Wealth and ability mattered now Government Individual city-states Ruled by a wealthy family Unrest created a need for a strong government When fights occurred, the wealthy sent the military to fight City Life Florence Under rule of the Medici family Supported artists, writers, and philosophers Relied on textile industry 1400s England started competing Savonarola said Medici family’s ways were ruining Florence Over-threw, created stricter laws Eventually hanged for heresy Medici family returned to power City Life Rome 1500 Rome replaced Florence Renaissance Popes rebuilt city Venice Rivaled Rome by end of 1500s Situated to maintain a trade monopoly with Asia Republican form of government Elected doges to head Council of Ten Artistic Achievements Architecture Returned to classical styles Sculpture Sculptures resemble classical sculptures Medici family opened a school for sculptors Donatello, Michelangelo, and Ghiberti Artistic Achievements Painting Departed from flat, symbolic style Painted more realistic scenes Leonardo da Vinci – citizen of Florence Mona Lisa and The Last Supper Also a scientist Drew out plans for parachutes, flying machines and more Micelangelo Painted the Sistine Chapel