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Transcript
Evolution: Notes 1: Date: _____________________________ Bellwork: write why you think “Evolution is such a controversial issue…” Notes: Life’s Diversity: What evolution ___________________mean… That we came from monkeys! Did we evolve from apes? We ARE apes!!! We are in the______________ _______________-!! Lions, and your house cat are_________________! We are often referred to as the “______________ __________.” Ch 16: The Puzzle of Life's Diversity Darwin’s Theory of Evolution According to Webster’s: The general definition for “_________________” is… a process of______________ in a certain_____________________. In Biology: Evolution: ________________by which modern organisms have _____________ from ancient organisms. Scientific theory: well-supported _______________________________of phenomena that have occurred in the natural world. Know the difference: The fact of evolution – yup, things _______________ Theory of Natural Selection: _________________________________, Only certain organisms survive to reproduce. Voyage of the Beagle: 1831: Charles Darwin sailed from England on the H.M.S.Beagle __________________________. He developed: The Theory of Natural Selection: the way life_____________________________.- or the “Theory of Evolution”(was he the only scientist to theorize this? ______) Darwin studied many ___________________________________________in the Galapagos Islands of Ecuador Fossils: the ________________________________of ancient organisms. On his voyage Darwin collected these The four types of fossils are mold fossils: fossilized__________________ made in the substrate - a _________________________of the organism. cast fossils: formed when a ___________________ is filled in trace fossils = ichnofossils: fossilized____________, gastroliths( _____________rocks), burrows, ________________…. true form fossils: fossils of the _________________________or animal _____________________. Darwin's Observations He observed that many plants and animals were___________________________________________ they inhabited. He was impressed by the ways in which __________________________________________________offspring. Darwin was puzzled by where ____________________________lived and did not live. Rabbits: none in _______________/Kangaroos: none in _____________________. Grasslands in some regions were ________________to one another but were inhabited by very________________. Darwin wondered if animals living on different islands had once been members of the_____________________. These separate species would have __________________________ an original South American ancestor species. Darwin Wrote:______________________________________________ He _____________________________________for years and told his wife to publish it in case he died. In 1858, Alfred Wallace sent an essay to Darwin for review. Wallace’s __________________________Darwin’s work. In 1859, Darwin ______________________his book Survival of the Fittest: ability of an individual to ________________________in its specific environment (its fitness.) Darwin proposed that________________________________________. Adaptation: any inherited characteristic ____________________an organism's chance of survival. Darwin realized that high birth rates and a ________________________________would force organisms to compete for resources. Malthus (said) if a ____________________population continues to grow unchecked, eventually there ____________ _______________________& _______________for all individuals. There is ____________________________for food and resources –_______ is the driving force of EVOLUTION Natural/Artificial Selection: Notes 2: Date: _____________________________ Over time, natural selection results _________________in the inherited characteristics_________________. These changes increase a species' fitness in its environment. Artificial selection: selection by humans for breeding of useful______________ from the ______________ _______________among different organisms. Compare it to: Natural Selection: Process where individuals ____________________to their environment survive and ________________most successfully Darwin developed a scientific hypothesis to explain how evolution occurs by comparing processes in nature to artificial selection.