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Kick Off October 9, 2013 Imagine that you have lived in Florence, Italy immediately following the Black Death. You survived, but many around you haven’t. Describe your environment. How do you feel? Why did Feudalism end? • Copy the stairway below, taking up the entire page. • Read The Decline of Feudalism. • As you read, record the reasons that feudalism declined. Chapter 15.1 The Italian Renaissance and the Northern Renaissance Trade Fuels City Growth • On the map, use a bright color to circle the location of Venice. • On the map, label the area of the Mediterranean Sea. • Use a light shade to highlight the trade routes between Venice and Constantinople and the routes between Venice and Alexandria. • On the map, use a different bright shade to circle the cities with populations between 40,000 and 60,000. The Beginning of the Renaissance • Black Death and war decreased population ▫ More food available, prices declined Job Specialization Increased trade Renaissance Ideas • Renaissance - Renewed, sustained interest in art, literature, science, and learning • Interest in the classics (grammar, poetry, Latin, Greek) became known as humanism ▫ Emphasized individual accomplishment ▫ Contrasted w/ church teachings Secular Writers • Church no longer seen as source of stability • People turned to humanism ▫ Secular (worldly) • Renaissance Man can do anything (a thinker and a doer) • Niccolo Machiavelli ▫ The Prince Book on how to rule “The ends justifies the means” Science of the Renaissance • Translated Arab texts provided wealth of knowledge • Challenged church teachings ▫ Copernicus ▫ Galileo Renaissance Art • Medici family of Florence was important patron (supporter) of the arts ▫ Lorenzo de Medici • Realistic • Subjects shifted away from religion • Buildings followed Greek & Roman design Compete the graphic organizer using page 443. Type of Art Leonardo da Vinci Michelangelo Raphael Bramante Famous Works The Renaissance Spreads North • Trading networks spread across Europe • Invention of printing press by Gutenberg helped spread ideas as well Answer these questions about the Gutenberg Press 1. When is the oldest known book from? 2. What kind of printing was used before moveable type? 3. How long would it take for one scribe to transcribe a copy of the Bible? 4. How many copies of the Gutenberg Bible did Gutenberg originally print? 5. When was the Gutenberg press updated? Philosophers and Writers • Sir Thomas More ▫ Utopia: Considered a perfect society based on humanistic idea of reason • William Shakespeare ▫ English playwright ▫ Plays helped spread Renaissance ideas to mass audience • Christine de Pisan ▫ Focused on the role of women in society Artists of the Northern Renaissance • Albrecht Durer ▫ Realism and perspective ▫ Unlike Italians, painted in oil • Jan van Eyck ▫ Flemish painter ▫ Landscapes ▫ Used symbolism • Pieter Brueghel the Elder ▫ Showed scenes from everyday life What led to the Renaissance?