Download Mood Disorders

By: Angela Pabon
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What are the differences between bipolar
disorder and depression?
How is depression different between sex and
age?
What are some causes of these mood disorders?
What are the different types of treatment for each
disorder?
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A psychological disorder characterized by the
elevation or lowering of a person's mood
Also known as “Affective Disorders”
It affects a person's everyday emotional
state.
 Nearly one in ten people aged 18 and older have/have
had a mood disorder
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Three main types of mood disorders:
◦ depressive disorders
◦ bipolar disorders
◦ other mood disorders (which are substanceinduced or due to general medical conditions)
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Depressive disorder is relatively common
Bipolar disorders are much less common
*seem to be affected by a variety of cultural,
economic, and environmental factors
Both include:
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A depressive state
Insomnia
Excessive emotion(s) present within the individual
Suspect to suicide
* However, they are different…
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The “common cold” of psychological
disorders.
Persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness
and anxiety (pessimism)
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Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every
day
Significant weight loss or weight gain/decrease
or increase in appetite
Insomnia or hypersomnia
Psychomotor agitation or retardation
Fatigue
Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or
inappropriate guilt
Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or
indecisiveness
Recurrent thoughts of death, recurrent suicidal
ideation
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Major depression
◦ Severe symptoms
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Psychotic depression
◦ Severe depression + some form psychosis
(hallucinations, delusions, etc.)
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Postpartum depression
◦ Women experience overwhelming anxiety/sadness
of having the responsibility of dealing with a baby
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Seasonal affective disorder
◦ Depression during the winter season, less of natural
sunlight = less happiness/optimism
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Bipolar disorder…..
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Manic-depressive illness
Person alternates between the hopelessness
and lethargy of depression and the
overexcited state of mania.
(shifts in mood, energy, activity levels)
Bipolar disorder often develops in a person's
late teens or early adult years (however, some
symptoms are experienced during childhood)
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Inflated self-esteem
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Decreased need for sleep ( one feels
rested after only 3 hours of sleep)
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More talkative than usual or pressure to
keep talking
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Flight of ideas or subjective experience
that thoughts are racing
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Attention is easily drawn to unimportant
or irrelevant items
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Increase in goal-directed activity (either
socially, at work or school, or sexually)
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Excessive involvement in pleasurable
activities that have a high potential for
painful consequences
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Bipolar I Disorder
◦ Mainly defined by manic or mixed episodes that last
at least seven days
*The symptoms of mania or depression must be a
major change from the person's normal behavior
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Bipolar II Disorder
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Cyclothymic Disorder or Cyclothymia
◦ Expressed by a pattern of depressive episodes
shifting back and forth with hypomanic episodes
*no full-blown episodes
◦ Mild form of bipolar disorder
*episodes of hypomania that shift back and forth
with mild depression (2+ years)
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Higher depression
rate
◦ Biological, life cycle,
hormonal, and
psychosocial factors
that women experience
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Lower depression
rate
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More likely
experience
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Very emotion-based
 Sadness
 Worthlessness
 Guilt
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Fatigue
Irritability
Insomnia
Loss of interest in
activities
Turn to alcohol and
drugs more often
Lash out/ become
abusive
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Grief after loss of a
loved one
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Medical conditions
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Bad relationships or
environment
Usually gets help
and gets past it
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When developed in
childhood, may
continue to
adulthood
Puberty
Identity
Co-occurs with
other disorders :
 Anxiety
 Eating disorder
 Substance abuse
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Combination of genetic, biological,
environmental, and psychological factors
◦ Neurotransmitters are out of balance
◦ Some types of depression tend to run in families
◦ Trauma, loss of a loved one, a difficult relationship,
or any stressful situation
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There is no SINGLE cause to bipolar disorder..
Substance abuse
◦ Mania is often trigged even more so because of
drugs/alcohol
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Anxiety disorders
◦ PTSD
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Genetics
◦ “building blocks” of heredity
◦ 6 times more likely to develop when a parent or
sibling has the disorder
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Brain structure
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Mood stabilizing medications:
 Lithium, Depakote, Lamictal, Topamax, etc.
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Atypical antipsychotic medications:
 Zyprexa, Abilify, Seroquel, Risperdal, etc.
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Antidepressant medications:
 Prozac, Paxil, Zoloft, Wellbutrin, etc.
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Antidepressants
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Psychotherapy
 “Talking it out”
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ETC (Electroconclusive Therapy)
Bipolar Disorder. (n.d.). NIMH Bipolar Disorder. Retrieved March 30, 2014, from
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml
Bipolar Disorder
Manic Depression.
(n.d.). Bipolar Disorder. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from
http://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/bipolar-disorder
Depression. (n.d.). NIMH Depression. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from
http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression/index.shtml
Depression
Dysthymia, Mood
Disorders, SAD. (n.d.). Depression: Varieties of Depression. Retrieved March 21, 2014,
from http://www.psychologytoday.com/basics/depression/varieties-depression
What's the difference between depression and manic depression?. (n.d.). This Emotional Life.
Retrieved March 30, 2014, from http://www.pbs.org/thisemotionallife/blogs/whatsdifference-between-depression-and- manic-depression
What’s the Difference Between Bipolar Disorder and Depression? | Psych Central. (n.d.).
Psych Central.com. Retrieved March 21, 2014, from http://psychcentral.com/lib/whatsthe-difference-between-bipolar-disorder-and-depression/000906