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Transcript
Anthropogenic Climate Change Global Temperature is Increasing How We Know This • • • • • • Measured data Natural indicators Observation Ice Weather Wildlife Natural Forcing - “Radiative forcing is a measure of the influence a factor has in altering the balance of incoming and outgoing energy in the Earthatmosphere system and is an index of the importance of the factor as a potential climate change mechanism. In this report radiative forcing values are for changes relative to preindustrial conditions defined at 1750 and are expressed in Watts per square meter (W/m2)” IPCC Source: IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) Source: “High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000–800,000 years before present” -Compilation of CO2 records and EPICA (European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctica) Dome C temperature anomaly over the past 800 thousand years - Changes in past atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations were determined by measuring the composition of air trapped in ice cores from Antarctica -atmospheric carbon dioxide is strongly correlated with Antarctic temperature throughout eight glacial cycles Source: United States Global Change Research Program (2009) Anthropogenic Forcing • s Source: NOAA (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) Greenhouse Gases • CO2, N2O, CH4, H2O, CFCs, O3 • Energy absorption – Larger gases vibrate when struck – Think about ozone • • • • CO2 absorbs infrared emitted from Earth’s surface Bouncing around of energy keeps surface warm Net positive forcing of 1.6 W/m2 Varying atmospheric lifespan Source: http://centerforoceansolutions.org/climate/impacts/cumulative-impacts/storm-intensity/ Source: Greenpeace Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Source: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
