* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Roman Republic
Legislative assemblies of the Roman Republic wikipedia , lookup
Factorum ac dictorum memorabilium libri IX wikipedia , lookup
Berber kings of Roman-era Tunisia wikipedia , lookup
Travel in Classical antiquity wikipedia , lookup
Food and dining in the Roman Empire wikipedia , lookup
Ancient Roman architecture wikipedia , lookup
Senatus consultum ultimum wikipedia , lookup
Roman funerary practices wikipedia , lookup
Roman army of the late Republic wikipedia , lookup
Roman economy wikipedia , lookup
Roman Republican governors of Gaul wikipedia , lookup
Constitutional reforms of Augustus wikipedia , lookup
Education in ancient Rome wikipedia , lookup
Roman agriculture wikipedia , lookup
Culture of ancient Rome wikipedia , lookup
Roman Republican currency wikipedia , lookup
Cursus honorum wikipedia , lookup
Switzerland in the Roman era wikipedia , lookup
Roman temple wikipedia , lookup
Constitutional reforms of Sulla wikipedia , lookup
Elections in the Roman Republic wikipedia , lookup
Roman technology wikipedia , lookup
Romanization of Hispania wikipedia , lookup
Early Roman army wikipedia , lookup
Roman historiography wikipedia , lookup
Roman Republic & Roman Empire Romulus & Remus Birth of Rome (753 BCE) The Early Italian Peninsula Birth of the Republic 509 BCE • • • • Tarquinius Superbus End of Monarchy Patricians Plebeians Executive, Legislative & Judicial Branches • • • • • • • • • Consuls Dictators Magistrates Praetors Senate Assembly Tribune Census Pontifex Maximus • • • • Res publica SPQR Checks & Balances Blend of monarchy, democracy & aristocracy • Plebeians Gain Rights (494-287 BCE) • Twelve Tables (451BCE) The Roman Forum Temple of Antoninus & Faustina, Temple of Divus Julius, Arch of Constantine, House of Vestal, Temple of Castor & Pollux Circus Maximus Ben Hur Chariot Scene Roman Expansion: The Punic Wars 1st Punic War (264-241 BCE) • Cultural Diffusion • Added Corvis for land-based army! 2nd Punic War (218-202 BCE) • Carthage has trouble paying indemnity • Takes over Spanish Silver Mines to help • Saguntum (Carthage City) asked Rome for help… • Enter Hannibal Barca • Scipio Africanus? rd 3 Punic War (149-146 BCE) Raized Carthage & Salt the Earth? Carthago delenda est! Roman Expansion Post Punic Wars Societal Problems Punic Wars Gap Between Rich & Poor Soldiers Can’t Rebuild Farms, Shops, Homes Razed Proletariat Riots, Discontent, Reforms, Bread & Circuses, Dole Sell Land/Farm Gracchi Brothers & Land Reforms Robin Hood of Rome? • The wolves & the bears have dens to rest and sleep. But the men who fight their country’s battles have nothing…You fight and die only for the wealth and luxury of others. You are called the masters of the world, but you do not have a single clod of earth to call your own! ~Tiberius Gracchus, Tribune Official The 1st Triumvirate (60-53 BCE) • • • • Reasons for Coalition Caesar: savy politician Veni, Vedi, Vici Crassus: money, lots of money Pompey: Senate & veterans adored him • • • • Gained Territory in Spain and Gaul Political & Economic Reforms Crassus’ defeat & death Crossing the Rubicon: The Point of No Return; The Die Is Now Cast • Cleopatra’s & Ptolemy XIII’s Civil War From Assassination to Civil War Video Julius Caesar: The Dictator Trade Routes Via Appia From Republic to Empire: Augustus I left Rome a city of marble, though I found it a city of bricks! Pax Romana (27 BCE-180 CE) Pax Romana’s Achievements Political Economic Social • Internal Peace • Minimal Power Disputes • Praetorian Guard • Bureaucracy • Civil Service Exam • Expansionism • Stoicism & Law: men being equal under the law; right to face accuser; innocent until proven guilty • Marcus Aurelius & Meditations • Standardized coins • Denarius • Subsidized Public Projects • Trading Network • Protection by Roman navy • Roman Roads & Silk Roads • Latin & Greek • Gender Roles & marriage • Breads & Circuses • Diffusion of Judaism & Christianity Innovations • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Concrete Arches; aqueducts Public Baths Roman Forum Pantheon Coliseum Roads , bridges, harbors Poetry & Epics Aeneid-Virgil Horace-Odes Pliny, Tacitus, Livy Silver Age Art: realistic instead of Greek idealism Galen-medical encyc. Coliseum Inside the Coliseum Inside the Coliseum Pantheon Pantheon’s Ocular Pantheon Interior by Giovanni Pannini (18th c.) Hadrian’s Wall Roman Arch Bridge in Segovia Segovia’s Aqueduct Trajan’s Column Diocletian’s Reforms & Tetrarchy Arch of Constantine Milvian Bridge Things That Make You Say HMMM… Pompeii Pompeii: The Last Day Civic Forum: Temple of Jupiter & City Market Mosaic Tiled Floors Fast Food Storage Jars Amphitheatre Fresco Necropolis House in Herculaneum Frescoes on Villa Walls