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Biology 30 Module 2 Assignment 9 Copyright: Ministry of Education, Saskatchewan May be reproduced for educational purposes Biology 30 301 Assignment 9 Biology 30 302 Assignment 9 Biology 30 303 Assignment 9 Biology 30 304 Assignment 9 Assignment 9 Values (30) A. Multiple Choice: Select the best answer for each of the following and place a () beside it. 1. *** is both an endocrine and an exocrine gland. ____ ____ ____ ____ 2. 4. Biology 30 Thymus Pancreas Liver Adrenal Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can be corrected by the actions of two hormones. One hormone is epinephrine or adrenalin and the other is ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 3. a. b. c. d. a. b. c. d. glycogen glucagon insulin thyroxin "Target" cells or organ(s) are those which ***. ____ ____ a. b. ____ c. ____ d. are actually exposed to hormones are "directed" by the hypothalamus to produce hormones have special receptor molecules to attach to particular hormones have been "programmed" to shut down when exposed to hormones The most accurate, general statement about the functions of hormones is that they ***. ____ ____ ____ a. b. c. ____ d. help to regulate body processes speed up metabolic rates enable cells and bodies to make proper use of ingested nutrients control the growth or development rates of bodies 305 Assignment 9 5. A link between the nervous system and the endocrine system occurs in the posterior pituitary and also in the *** gland. ____ ____ ____ ____ 6. 7. Biology 30 a. b. c. d. thyroid adrenal pancreas pineal The (negative) feedback control among glands and hormones can be illustrated by using the thyroid gland and its production of thyroxin (or thyroxine) as an example. Which of the following represents the correct sequence of events that should occur if the blood thyroxin level becomes too high? ____ a. ____ b. ____ c. ____ d. Inhibition of hypothalamus less stimulation of pituitary gland less thyroid-stimulating hormone less thyroxin. Stimulation of hypothalamus inhibition of pituitary gland less thyroid-stimulating hormone less thyroxin. Stimulation of hypothalamus stimulation of pituitary gland more thyroid-inhibiting hormone less thyroxin. Inhibition of hypothalamus stimulation of pituitary gland more thyroid-inhibiting hormone less thyroxin. A tiger salamander hatches and then lives in water which is deficient in iodine. It is likely that such a salamander will ***. ____ ____ a. b. ____ c. ____ d. not be able to reproduce not be able to undergo metamorphosis and leave the larval stage function normally, but actions will be slowed down and life span will be increased die very quickly 306 Assignment 9 8. The appearance of secondary sexual characteristics, or the onset of puberty, is started by the release of gonadotrophic hormones from the ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 9. a. b. c. d. cerebrum pons hypothalamus cerebellum a. b. c. d. needs light to stimulate its production must work with another hormone causes a gland to produce another hormone has an inhibiting rather than a stimulating effect Regulation of body processes in most invertebrates is controlled mainly by ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ Biology 30 FSH begins decreasing there is an increase in LH progesterone and estrogen begin declining progesterone reaches its peak while estrogen is declining A trophic or tropic hormone is one which ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 12. a. b. c. d. The area of the brain which appears to be equally associated with both hormone control and nervous control is the ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 11. thyroid hypothalamus pituitary gonads Menstruation begins when ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 10. a. b. c. d. a. b. c. d. neurosecretory cells nerves hormones sense receptors on the skin 307 Assignment 9 13. 14. Carbon-dioxide functions like a hormone in a human body when ***. ____ a. ____ b. ____ c. ____ d. An excess of insulin will ***. ____ ____ ____ ____ 15. Biology 30 it is released into blood capillaries surrounding the cells that it is produced in its increased concentration in the blood stimulates a breathing control center in the brain to send out "instructions" for faster breathing it is able to pass through cell membranes by simple diffusion it is able to travel to the alveoli of the lungs and reduce the permeability of those cell membranes a. b. c. d. lead to cretinism result in Diabetes mellitus result in Diabetes insipidus lower blood glucose levels The menstrual or reproductive cycle of some primates, including humans, is largely controlled by ***. ____ ____ ____ a. b. c. ____ d. photoperiods nerves of the autonomic system interaction between nerves of the autonomic system and hormones interaction among hormones 308 Assignment 9 (10) B. The Endocrine System In the space below, write the name of the gland or body part which matches or suits each of the following statements. Some may be used more than once, or not all. Chose from the following glands: Pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovary, testes a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. The gland whose removal soon after birth causes a body to have reduced immunity or resistance to disease. A synthetic hormone is sometimes prescribed for overweight people. This hormone matches one which normally accelerates body metabolism and is produced here. This often becomes swollen or enlarged in an attempt to make more iodine. Could be considered as "second-in-command" of the entire endocrine system. The "master gland". Location of the corpus luteum. Giantism would most likely result by an overactivity here. While not obvious in humans, in other animals this seems to regulate the time when reproduction occurs during the year. Has a connection to the nervous system so that rapid responses can be initiated in times of stress. Some athletes induce extra muscle development by taking substances which match the natural hormones produced here. Responsible for increasing calcium levels in the blood. a. f. b. g. c. h. d. i. e. j. f. Biology 30 309 Assignment 9 C. (14) Biology 30 Short Answer 1. a. Distinguish between an exocrine and an endocrine gland and give one example of each. b. If some glands do not have tubes connecting them to other body areas, how do their secretions move about? c. The hypothalamus of the brain is not an endocrine gland. Yet it is very important and is often referred to when discussing endocrine glands. Why is the hypothalamus so important? 310 Assignment 9 (6) Biology 30 2. d. Some hormones or glands are regulated by a (negative) feedback system. In general terms, explain what this means. a. Briefly describe what Diabetes mellitus is, including what causes it. b. How do hormones contribute to homeostasis? 311 Assignment 9 (10) 3. a. “The pituitary will send out a hormone (Hormone 1) that will tell a specific organ or gland to produce another hormone (Hormone 2) to do a specific function.” Some of the hormones that the pituitary sends out are given below. In the first column, fill in which organ/gland the hormone is sent to. In the second column, indicate which hormone that gland/organ has been “told” to produce. Hormone 1 sent out by pituitary Gland/Organ it is sent to Hormone 2/secretion that is produced LH (in males) TSH FSH (in females) LH (in females) ACTH (5) b. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and oxytocin are hormones that are released by the posterior pituitary. In the following chart give the organ that each hormone is sent to. In the second column give the activity that the hormone initiates. Hormone Target Organ Function ADH oxytocin Biology 30 312 Assignment 9 4. (10) Scientific News Article: Find two articles that are biology related in a newspaper or magazine or on the internet. These articles should be current – within the last year. (Do not use articles from National Geographic). Submit either the original article or a copy of it. Answer the following questions relating to each article. (Space for Scientific Article 2 is given on the next page.) Scientific Article 1 1. Biology 30 a) Title of the Article: b) Author of the Article: c) Date and Source of the Article: 2. What area of biology does this article apply to? 3. What did you learn from this article? 4. How does this article apply to me living in Saskatchewan Canada? 5. What aspect of this article would you like to learn more about? 313 Assignment 9 (10) Scientific Article 2 1. a) Title of the Article: b) Author of the Article: c) Date and Source of the Article: 2. What area of biology does this article apply to? 3. What did you learn from this article? 4. How does this article apply to me living in Saskatchewan Canada? 5. What aspect of this article would you like to learn more about? _____ (95) Biology 30 314 Assignment 9