Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
DAILY QUESTION October 22, 2008 1. What is an organic compound? (Make sure you are writing the book definition!) Agenda 10/22/08 • Daily Question • Check-in: Ch 5 sect 3 Wksht • Ch 5 Section 4 Notes Assignments: 1. Ch 5 Sect 4 Review Worksheet Organic Compound • A covalently bonded compound made of molecules • Always Contain Carbon • Almost always contain Hydrogen Hydrocarbon • Compound made of only carbon and hydrogen atoms • Simplest hydrocarbon is Methane, CH4 Alkanes • Hydrocarbons that have only single covalent bonds – Methane, CH4 – Ethane, C2H6 – Propane, C3H8 • Names end in -anes Normal Alkanes • When carbon atoms line up in a row • Called n-alkanes Condensed structural formulas • Show how the atoms bond – Table 9, page 167 Alkanes, carbon atom chains, with more than 3 carbon atoms • Can be: – Branched – Unbranched – Rings Alkane Chemical Formulas • Follow a pattern: CnH2n+2 Alkenes • Hydrocarbons with at least one double covalent bond between carbon atoms – C=C • Simplest Alkene is Ethene, C2H4 • Propene, C3H6 • Names end in -ene Alcohols • Organic compounds that are made of oxygen as well as carbon and hydrogen • Have hydroxyl or –OH groups – Methanol, CH3OH – Ethanol, CH3CH2OH – Isopropanol, C3H8O or (CH3)2CHOH • Names end in -ol Alcohols • Behave similar to water – Structure is like a water molecule, but one hydrogen atom is replaced by a methyl, or CH3 group – Attracted to neighboring molecules – At room temperature they are liquids Polymers • Small organic molecules bond to form long chains called polymers Polyethene • Poly means many • Ethene is an alkene, C2H4 • Means “many ethenes” Polymers • Natural: – – – – – – – Rubber Wood Cotton Wool Starch Protein DNA • Man-made: – Plastics – Fibers Properties of Polymers • Determined by its structure – Elasticity Biochemical Compounds • Naturally occurring organic compounds – Carbohydrates – Proteins – DNA Carbohydrates • Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things – Glucose – Starch Proteins • An organic compound that is made of one or more chains of amino acids and that is a principal component of all cells – Amino acids are made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen • 20 naturally occurring amino acids • They way they bind determines the protein made DNA • Made of organic molecules containing carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus • In the form of paired chains, or strands in a twisted ladder, or double helix