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Chemical Compounds in Cells
Chapter 1 Section 3
element
A substance that cannot
be broken down into
smaller substances
Ex) oxygen, nitrogen
compound
When two or more
elements are combined
physically or chemically
Ex) water, carbon dioxide
carbohydrate
An energy-rich
compound made of
oxygen, hydrogen, and
carbon
Ex) sugars, starches
lipid
energy rich compounds
made of carbon, hydrogen,
and oxygen, contain more
energy than carbs
Ex) fats, oils, waxes
protein
large, organic molecules
made of carbon,
hydrogen, oxygen,
nitrogen, and sometimes
sulfur
amino acid
smaller molecules that
can be combined to make
up different proteins
enzyme
type of protein that
speeds up chemical
reactions
nucleic acid
long, organic molecules
made of carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, and
phosphorous; carry out
the functions of life
DNA
Genetic material that
carries info. about an
organism and is passed
from parent to offspring
RNA
A nucleic acid that plays
an important role in the
production of proteins