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Heart Guided Notes
Location
Within the ____________________ Pointed ____________ extends to the left. It rests on the
___________________________at the 5th intercostal space. It has a _________________________, lies
under the 2nd rib.
Pericardium
A _________________________________________encloses the heart. Thin ____________________
pericardium= __________________________- hugs the surface of the heart. Loose outer layer=
_________________________________________.
Pericardial Fluid
Slippery _________________________________ produced by the membrane between the
____________________________ layers. It allows the heart to ___________ in a
________________________________________________.
Myocardium
Heart walls are made of _______________________________________________________.
Chambers
____________ hollow chambers that are lined with a ___________ lining called the
_____________________________.
Atria
__________ superior ___________________ chambers that are ____________ walled. Blood flows into
and fills the _____________ under __________________________.
Ventricles
__________ inferior _____________________ (pumping) chambers that are __________ walled. It
forces blood ________ of the ____________ and into large _______________. A _______________
divides the heart longitudinally. Includes the ______________________ septum and the
_______________________________________ septum.
Double Pump
_____________________ circulation to ___________ and back. _______________ circulation to
_________________________ and back.
Pulmonary Circulation: Right side of the ___________  ___________  __________ side of the heart.
Systemic Circulation: _________ side of the heart  _______________________  __________ side of
the heart.
Valves
________ valves allow blood to flow _____________________________________. It prevents
______________________. _________ AV valves=________________________________. 2 semilunar
valves.
AV valves are located between atria and ___________________. It prevents backwash into
___________. __________ AV= _______________ or mitral (2 flaps). __________ AV=
________________ (3 flaps). The AV valves are _______________ to the wall of the ventricles by the
___________________________________. The valves are ___________ when the ventricle is
_________________; _______________ when the ventricle is _______________________.
Semilunar valves
__________ the base of the large arteries _________________ the ventricles. Each valve has
_______________ (flaps). When ventricles _________________, they __________; when
________________, they ____________ to prevent _____________________. Pulmonary
_______________________-from the __________ ventricle to the ___________________ trunk (artery).
Aortic ____________________-from the _________ ventricle to the ____________ artery. Each set of
valves open at different times:
-__________ opens when _________________ relaxes
-________________________ opens when ventricles _________________.
Oxygen Poor Blood-pathway through body
From the __________ of the body tissue  ________________ and ________________ vena cava 
right ___________  _________________ valve  right ____________________ 
______________________ semilunar valve  Pulmonary ___________  pulmonary __________ 
branch ____________ and ____________  ___________  picks up ________________ and dumps
off __________________________.
Oxygen Rich Blood-pathway through body
Drained from the lungs  ______ pulmonary veins  left ___________  ________________ valve 
left ___________________  ___________ semilunar valve  ___________  body tissues  dumps
off ________________ and picks up carbon dioxide.
Cardiac Circulation
Although the heart ____________________ are filled with blood almost continuously, that blood does
________ nourish the _______________________. The ___________ and __________ coronary arteries
branch from the _________ of the _________ and encircle the heart in a __________________ at the
junction of the atria and ____________________. Those arteries are _______________________ when
the ventricles __________________ and are only able to supply ______________ to heart muscle
between _____________. Rapid heart rate may cause _______________________ blood supply. The
_____________ your resting heart rate is, the better _____________________ your heart muscle is. The
______________________ is drained by the coronary _________  coronary ___________  the right
________________.
Cardiac Cycle
The ___________ and ____________ occurring from one ___________________ to the next.
-Systole= _______________________
-Diastole= _______________________
Lub-Dup-Pause
“Lub”- ______________ of the _______ valves-longer and __________________-ventricles
_______________________
“Dup”- _______________ of ______________________ valves-shorter and __________________ventricles __________________.
“Pause” is the heart in complete ______________________
_____________________ are usually problems with the valves ___________________.
Atria contract ________________________. As they begin to ______________  ventricles
_____________________ (ventricular systole)  ventricles _____________ (ventricular diastole).
Conduction System
________________ muscle cells can ______________ spontaneously and ____________________. Two
types of control systems:
-___________________
-___________________
Intrinsic
__________________ or Nodal system. A cross between ____________ and _________________ tissue.
It has ___________________________ cells and can initiate _______________________________ or
trigger _____________________.
SA Node
-SA= ______________________. Located on the ___________ atrial wall. ______________________starts each beat
AV Node
_____________________. It’s located on ________________________ septum. Bundle of ________ 
bundle branches  __________________ fibers  ventricles ___________________.
Extrinsic System
Heart contractions cam be changed by _____________________ nerves, __________________,
hormones, and ions (________________________________________). ______________ (sympathetic
influence) affects _________ node which __________________ heart rate.