Download Your Majestic Pump: The Human Heart

Your Majestic Pump:
The Human Heart
APL3
Cardiovascular system

Composed of:
– Heart
– Blood vessels ( arteries, veins, capillaries)

Vital for circulation: circulating oxygen to
body and toxins (wastes) out
Cardiac Output (Performance)

Stroke volume: 80ml at rest

Heart Rate: 70 bpm at rest; 180 during
exercise
Cardiac Output: SV * HR = 5600 ml/min
 Total blood volume is approx 5-6 liters.
Your heart pumps almost entire volume of
blood throughout body in 1 minute!

Your incredible engine!

How much gas would
the average car pump
in its life?
Blood pumped in 70
years:
 206 million liters, or
50 million gallons


Most efficient engine
ever made
Typical hybrid car
(60mpg)
 New cars (26.5 mpg)

Coverings of the Heart

Double layered
Pericardium
– Visceral: inner, delicate
lining on surface of heart
– Parietal: outer, tough sac
fitting loosely around
heart
Pericardial cavity: space
between 2 layers.
 Filled with fluid to
friction

Wall of heart: 3 Layers
Epicardium:
protective outer
membrane
 Myocardium:
middle, heart wall,
rich in blood

– Cardiac muscle

Endocardium: inner
lining of heart wall
– Purkinje fibers,
collagen, elastin,
BV’s
Heart chambers: Four

2 Atria: Thin walled
upper chambers
– Receive blood

2 ventricles: Thick
walled lower
chambers
– Pump blood out

R. & L. sides
separated by septum
One way blood flow: Valves

One set separates the
atria & ventricles

Tricuspid: (3 cusps)
Separates Right atria
and R. ventricle

Bicuspid: (2 cusps)
 Left atria & L.
ventricle

Valves cont’

Semilunar valves:
separate the
ventricles from the
exits of the heart

Pulmonary SL valve
separates R ventricle
from the pulmonary
artery

Aortic SL valve
separates L. ventricle
from the aorta
Arteries carry blood AWAY from the
heart.
Usually carry oxygenated blood.
EXCEPT the pulmonary artery.
Veins carry blood TOWARDS the heart.
They usually carry deoxygenated blood.
The exceptions are the pulmonary veins.
“Arteries are better felt than seen and
veins are better seen than felt.”