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REVISION – CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Match the word/s with the definition:
Word
Definition
The contraction phase of the atria and ventricles. It can be measured in
mmHg and gives the upper reading of BP
The two lower chambers of the heart. The left one pumps blood to the body
via the aorta and the right one pumps blood to the lungs via the pulmonary
artery.
The pressure wave that results from the thrust that occurs when the
ventricles of the heart contract. It is normally measured at the wrist or neck.
Major organ of the body which is responsible for pumping blood around the
body. Consists of four chambers and divided into two halves by the septum.
Major artery of the body which carries oxygenated blood out of the left
ventricle and through the systemic circulatory system
Shaped like a bi-concave disc, contain iron, have a life-cycle of about 120
days and produced in bone marrow. Contain haemoglobin (Hb)
Microscopically thin blood vessels which are fed by arterioles and are semipermeable, allowing O2 and CO2 to pass through their walls
Found in the heart between the top and bottom chambers. Prevent
regurgitation of blood.
During exercise the muscles surrounding the veins expand and contract,
pressing on the veins & causing a pumping effect to maintain venous return
This artery takes de-oxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
to pick up O2 and get rid of CO2.
Number of times the heart beats per minute. Can increase due to: fear,
excitement, exercise, ingestion of food, smoking and taking drugs.
These are produced in the bone marrow, lymph tissue and spleen. They
have no special shape.
These are responsible for clotting of blood and are formed in the bone
marrow.
These carry blood at high pressure away from the heart and are three layers
thick. The middle (muscle) layer is thick and allows for expansion.
Type of muscle that forms the heart. It receives its own nourishment via the
coronary arteries
The valve in the heart that has three cusps and opens when the right atrium
contracts and pushes blood into the right ventricle
Amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle each minute. At rest, usually
about 5 litres/minute.
A condition where a person has a shortage of red blood cells and constantly
feels tired, weak and breathless
This cardiac parameter changes throughout the day. It tends to be lower
during sleep. The upper reading can rise after meals.
These have thinner walls than arteries and are less elastic. Blood has to
travel against gravity and back up to the right atrium.
Valves
Skeletal pump
Ventricles
Pulmonary
Cardiac output
Tricuspid
Arteries
Anaemia
Blood pressure
Capillaries
Veins
Systole
Red blood cell
Pulse
Cardiac
White blood cell
Aorta
Platelets
Heart rate
Heart