Download Renaissance overview

Humanities
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Today – Renaissance Notes
Wednesday (ER) & Thursday – Anonymous
Friday – Anonymous Reflection
Monday – Review Samples
Tuesday – Renaissance test prep (notecards)
Wednesday – Renaissance test
Thursday – Make-up tests and binder checks
The Renaissance
The Rise of Humanism
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Rediscover culture of Ancient Greece &
Rome.
Belief that Man is the potential master of all
things.
Change of focus from the afterlife to the
current life.
Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”
The Quest for Virtu
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Virtu ≠ Virtue
One who embraces skill in many fields,
exceptional intelligence, physical daring and
courage, and whose actions display these
characteristics
“Renaissance Man”
Technology
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1440s – Moveable Type Printing
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Gunpowder imported from China
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End of Feudal Age.
Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)
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Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible
Improved Compass & Astrolabe
All discoveries influence the arts – people
experience exotic cultures and more freedom
Martin Luther &The
Reformation
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Catholic Priests sold indulgences to
absolve people of sins.
Luther believed that faith alone led to
salvation.
95 theses on the door of Castle
Church (Schlosskirche).
The Great Artists of
the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
& Michelangelo
Da Vinci (1452-1519)
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1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room
farmhouse
Illegitimate and uneducated
Taught himself to speak Latin and to
be ambidextrous and to write
backwards
Florence
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Moved to the city at 14
Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio
Works show love of nature (grew up in
the country)
Painting
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Preferred new idea of oil paint
Sfumato – light haze/foggy look
Chiaroscuro – play of light and
dark/shadow to create contrast and
emphasis
Inventiveness
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Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering,
military science, botany, geology, anatomy,
aerodynamics, and optics
Science and Math – weapons inventor, parachute,
helicopter, Waterwheel – loved Geometry
(triangles)
Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never
able (dissected at least 30 people)
Michelangelo Buonarroti
(1475-1564)
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Lived most life in Florence
Summoned to Medici house at 14
Studied statuary in their gardens
Sculpture
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First great work in Rome – Pieta
The “giant” – David
Like Ancient Greeks and Romans,
idealized beauty and perfect human
form
Contraposto – twisted shoulders
while the hips remain frontal
Painting
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Influenced by his sculpture
Humans feel 3-D
Looks more like a carving
Architecture
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Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of
Rome
Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol
Building
Renaissance Music
Music Before the
Renaissance
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Strictly regulated by the church
Instruments were very rare
Most songs were Gregorian Chant
Polyphony
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Musical texture consisting of two or
more independent melodic voices.
Two Thoughts on Polyphony
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Pope in Rome
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Obstructs words
Frivolous
Associated with
pagan rites
Clashing notes
labeled as evil
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Pope in Avignon
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Musical Innovation
Pleasing Sound
Counterpoint
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Using notes from multiple people’s
voices to create a bigger sound
Palestrina
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One of the most famous composers of
the 16th century.
Perfect example of Renaissance
Counterpoint
Secular Music
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Music performed outside of the church
Renaissance
Theatre
Commedia Dell’arte
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Italian Renaissance
Touring groups – usually comedy driven
Basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes
& masks that made their character recognizable
Stock characters – stereotypical characters instantly
recognizable to era audiences
Elizabethan Theatre
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Late English Renaissance
Love of language & poetry
Actors became professionals
Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)
William Shakespeare most notable playwright
William Shakespeare – The basics
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Thought to be best writer in the English language
Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long
narrative poems, and several other poems
Shakespeare’s style
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Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme
Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other
syllable stressed.
Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings
Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or
to the audience.
The Globe theatre
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First theatre built by actors, for actors (professional)
Where majority of Shakespeare’s works were
originally performed
Exact size unknown – burned down – replaced and
replacement destroyed for housing
The authorship debate
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There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.
Reasons
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No history of being a writer – nothing but 6 signatures have been found written in his own
handwriting
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Will – very detailed – mentions no books, plays, poems, or literary effects of any kind
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Commoner/education – grew up in an illiterate household in the remote agricultural town of
Stratford-upon-Avon – no record of an education – Vocabulary 29,000 words
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Works show extensive knowledge of law, philosophy, classical literature, ancient and modern
history, mathematics, astronomy, art, music, medicine, horticulture, heraldry, military and naval
terminology and tactics; etiquette and manners of the nobility; knowledge of foreign areas he’d
never traveled to
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Gap between his youth in Stratford and the first record of him in London is known as the “lost
years.” Except for a few church records, the first twenty-eight years of his life could be described
as lost
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William Shakspere – most writings are accredited to William Shakes-Speare
Renaissance Dance
Dance in the Court
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Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for
their entertainment
Displayed social etiquette –gender roles
Common Dance
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Less formal than court dance.
Peasantry
Thoinot Arbeau
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Wrote Orchésographie – manual with
detailed instructions for numerous styles of
dance
First use of dance tabulations
5 sentence summary