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HUMANITIES
• Wednesday – Introduction to the Renaissance PowerPoint
• Thursday – Sub – reading activity
• Friday – Finish Renaissance notes – Renaissance visual arts and music examples
• Monday and Tuesday – Romeo and Juliet
• Wednesday – Library to type rough drafts (in the 21st as well for final drafts)
• Thursday – Discuss Romeo and Juliet – begin introduction to Baroque PowerPoint
• Friday – Baroque visual and music examples
• Monday – review Renaissance and Baroque visuals and music
• Tuesday – Renaissance and Baroque test
Renaissance Visual Art
The Rise of Humanism
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The rediscovery of the culture of Ancient
Greece & Rome.
Belief that Man is the potential master of all
things.
Change of focus from the afterlife to the
current life.
Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”
The Quest for Virtu
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Virtu ≠ Virtue
One who embraces skill in many fields,
exceptional intelligence, physical daring and
courage, and whose actions display these
characteristics
“Renaissance Man”
Technology
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1440s – Moveable Type Printing
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Gunpowder imported from China
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End of Feudal Age.
Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)
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Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible
Improved Compass & Astrolabe
All discoveries influence the arts – people
experience exotic cultures and more freedom
Martin Luther &The
Reformation
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Catholic Priests sold indulgences to
absolve people of sins.
Luther believed that faith alone led to
salvation.
95 theses on the door of Castle
Church (Schlosskirche).
The Great Artists of
the Renaissance
Leonardo da Vinci
& Michelangelo
Da Vinci (1452-1519)
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1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room
farmhouse
Illegitimate and uneducated
Taught himself to speak Latin and to
be ambidextrous and to write
backwards
Florence
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Moved to the city at 14
Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio
Works show love of nature (grew up in
the country)
Painting
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Preferred new idea of oil paint
Sfumato – light haze/foggy look
Chiaroscuro – play of light and
dark/shadow to create contrast and
emphasis
Inventiveness
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Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering,
military science, botany, geology, anatomy,
aerodynamics, and optics
Science – weapons inventor, parachute, helicopter,
Waterwheel
Math – loved Geometry (triangles)
Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never
able (dissected at least 30 people)
Michelangelo Buonarroti
(1475-1564)
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Lived most of his life in Florence
Summoned to Medici house at 14
Studied the statuary in their gardens
Sculpture
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First great work in Rome – Pieta
The “giant” – David
Like Ancient Greeks and Romans, he
idealized beauty and perfect human
form
Contraposto – twisted shoulders
while the hips remain frontal
Painting
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Influenced by his sculpture
Humans feel 3-D
Looks more like a carving than
painting
Architecture
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Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of
Rome
Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol
Building
Renaissance Music
Music Before the
Renaissance
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Music was strictly regulated by the
church
Instruments were very rare
Most songs were Gregorian Chant
Polyphony
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A musical texture consisting of two or
more independent melodic voices.
Two Thoughts on Polyphony
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Pope (Rome)
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Obstructs words
Frivolous
Associated with
pagan rites
Clashing notes
labeled as evil
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Antipope
(Avignon)
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Musical Innovation
Pleasing Sound
Counterpoint
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the relationship between two or more
voices that are independent in contour
and rhythm, and interdependent in
harmony
Basically, it is how notes work together
Palestrina
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One of the most famous composers of
the 16th century.
His music was the perfect example of
Renaissance Counterpoint
“Sicut Cervus” – “As the Heart”
Secular Music!
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Music performed outside of the church
Most popular – Madrigals
Fa, la, la!
Renaissance
Theatre
Commedia Dell’arte
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Italian Renaissance
Whose Line is it Anyway
Touring groups
Used characters instantly recognizable to era audiences
Had basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes,
masks, and movements that made their character recognizable
Stock characters – stereotypical characters
Elizabethan Theatre
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Late English Renaissance
Changes to theatre – love of language & poetry
Actors became professionals
Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)
William Shakespeare most notable playwright
William Shakespeare – The basics
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Thought to be born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-uponAvon
Died April 23, 1616
Considered to be the best writer in
the English language
Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long narrative
poems, and several other poems
Shakespeare’s style
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Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme
Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other
syllable stressed.
Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings
Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or
to the audience.
The Globe theatre
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First theatre built by actors, for actors (important to the
change in theater)
Theatre where the majority of Shakespeare’s works
were originally performed
Exact size unknown – The original theatre burned down.
It was replaced, and the replacement was destroyed to
make room for housing
The authorship debate
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There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.
Other authors may be:
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Francis Bacon
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Christopher Marlowe
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William Stanley
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Edward de Vere
Reasons
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No history
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Will
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Vocabulary 29,000 words
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Commoner/education
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William Shakspere
Renaissance Dance
Dance in the Court
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Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for
their entertainment
Displayed social etiquette
Everyone was expected to learn to dance.
Fit both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.
Took both secular and religious meaning
Common Dance
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Less formal than court dance.
Fits both Ceremonial and Recreational
purposes.
Thoinot Arbeau
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Wrote Orchésographie, a manual with
detailed instructions for numerous styles of
dance
First use of dance tabulations, a significant
innovation in dance notation
5-6 sentence summary