Download Unity and Diversity

Unity and Diversity Flashcards
1) What is biology?
2) What are the 7 Properties associated with life?
3)
4)
What is a biosphere?
What is included in a biosphere?
5)
What is an ecosystem?
6)
7)
8)
What would be found in an ecosystem?
What is an example of an ecosystem?
What is a community?
9)
List some things found in a community of a forest
10) Two cardinals in a tree, a colony of ants, a wasp's
nest, four squirrels, and trillions of bacteria.
Together, what do all of these organisms represent?
11) What is a population?
the study of living organisms and their interactions
with the environment
1) Order
2) Reproduction
3) Growth and development
4) Energy processing
5) Response to the environment
6) Regulation
7) Evolutionary adaptation
all the environments on Earth that are inhabited by life
land and water such as oceans, lakes, and rivers; it also
includes the atmosphere
all living things in a particular area, along with all the
nonliving components of the environment with which
life interacts
soil, water, atmospheric gases, and light
Forests, coral reefs
All of the living organisms within a particular
ecosystem. It can also be called the set of populations
that inhabit a particular area.
all species of trees, plants, animals, fungi, and bacteria
that live there
A community
all the individuals of a species living within the
bounds of a specified area
12) What populations might be found in a forest?
a population of sugar maple trees, and a population of
American black bears
13) What is a molecule?
a chemical structure consisting of two or more atoms
14) The dynamics of any ecosystem include what two
1) The cycling of nutrients
major processes?
2) The flow of energy
15) Give an example of the cycling of nutrients
Minerals acquired by plants will eventually be
returned to the soil by microorganisms that decompose
dead leaves, roots, and fruit.
16) Show the flow of energy of an ecosystem
sunlight  producers  consumers.
17) What are producers?
Plants and other photosynthetic organisms that convert
light energy to chemical energy.
18) What are consumers?
Organisms, such as animals, that feed on producers
and other consumers.
19) How does energy flow through an ecosystem?
It enters as light and exits as heat.
20) What is the ultimate source of energy flowing into Sunlight.
nearly all ecosystems?
21) What is the ultimate source of energy flowing out Heat
of nearly all ecosystems?
Unity and Diversity Flashcards
22) What is a cell?
23) Classify humans from Domain to species.
24) What are born with a placenta and produce milk
for their offspring?
25) What is distinguished for having opposable
thumbs?
26) What are some other features of primates?
27) Humans and apes are in what taxonomical Order?
28) List the four types of modern apes.
29) What 4 specific traits distinguish humans from
modern apes?
30) What taxonomical Family makes use of symbolic
language (writing) and walking on two legs?
31) What is the only genus and species of hominids
living today?
32) What does the Latin term Homo sapiens mean?
33) Match the following terms to their
description:
Animals
Mammals
Primates
Hominids
Homo Sapiens
The lowest level of organization that can perform all
activities required for life.
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animal
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
Family: Hominidae
Genus: Homo
Species: sapiens
(Memory Aid: Dashing King Phillip Came Over
From Greece, Singing)
Mammals
Primates
1) Good depth perception because the eyes are in
front of the head.
2) Gestation (length of pregnancy) is lengthy.
3) One birth at a time is the norm.
4) Juvenile period of dependency is long.
5) There is an emphasis on learned behavior and
complex social interactions.
Primates
Gibbons, orangutans, gorillas, and chimpanzees
Walking upright, dental features, shape of face, and
brain size
Hominids
Homo sapiens
“wise or rational man”
A. walk on two legs, make use of symbolic language
(writing)
B. can move from one place to another, body structure
is fixed
C. born with a placenta and produce milk for the
offspring
D. wise or rational man
E. opposable thumb, long gestation, learned behavior
Unity and Diversity Flashcards
A. Homo
34) Match the following taxonomy terms for a
B. Primate
human
Kingdom:
C. Animal
Order
D. sapiens
Family
E. Hominid
Genus
Species
35) Darwin’s book, The Origin of Species by Natural
1) Descent with modification
Selection made which two points?
2) Natural selection
36) What does “Descent with modification” mean?
Modern species arise from a common ancestor
(evolution)
37) What evidence is presented for Descent with
modification?
38) What does the above evidence suggest?
39) What was Darwin’s proposed mechanism for
evolution?
40) What were the two observations that Darwin
made when he came up with the idea of Natural
Selection?
41) From the above two observations, what did
Darwin infer?
42) What are the two main processes of scientific
inquiry?
43) What is discovery science?
44) What is hypothesis-based science?
45) How does discovery science work?
46) What has discovery science done for us?
47) What is observation in discovery science?
48) What are recorded observations called?
49) How does hypothesis-based science begin?
the arms of a bat, human, horse’s forelegs, and whale
flippers all contain the same skeletal architecture
Indicates the inheritance of that structure from a
common ancestor, the diversity of the forelimbs
having been modified by natural selection operating
over millions of generations in different environmental
conditions.
Natural Selection
1) Individuals in a population vary in their traits,
many of which are passed on from parents to
offspring.
2) A population can produce far more offspring than
the environment can support.
Those individuals with heritable traits best suited to
the environment are more likely to survive and
reproduce than others.
1) Discovery science
2) Hypothesis-based science
Mostly about describing nature
Mostly about explaining nature
Describes natural structures and process through
careful observation and analysis of data.
gradually built our understanding of cell structure, and
it is currently expanding our understanding of genetics
the use of senses to gather information, sometimes
with the help of tools such as microscopes that extend
our stances
Data
starts with an observation that leads to a question
about the cause or explanation for the observation
Unity and Diversity Flashcards
50) What is a hypothesis? Give an example
51) How do you test a hypothesis?
52) What are the steps in hypothesis-based science?
53) What are the two important qualities of scientific
hypotheses?
54) What does testable mean?
55) What does falsifiable mean?
56) How can a hypothesis become scientifically
valid?
57) What is the meaning of a “control” component in
an experiment?
58) What is the role of a control in an experiment?
59) How many factors will differ in an ideal
experiment between the experimental and control
groups?
A tentative answer to some question. For example,
you notice that over the past month, many students
have started wearing a new style of school sweatshirt.
You think to yourself, maybe the bookstore recently
started selling this new sweatshirt style. This
prediction is an example of a hypothesis.
A hypothesis can be tested by designing an experiment
1) Make an observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a hypothesis
4) Test each hypothesis with an experiment.
5) See if the hypothesis was validated or falsified.
A hypothesis must be testable
A hypothesis must be falsifiable
There must be some way to check out the validity of
the idea.
there must be some experiment that could reveal it
such an idea is actually not true
A hypothesis must be testable and falsifiable.
Two experiments are conducted, one differing from
the other by only a single variable.
To provide a basis of comparison to the experimental
group.
Only one