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Chapter 1 Humans In The World Of Biology The Scientific Method • Scientific Method – A procedure that is used to solve problems or answer questions. – A way of thinking and looking at the world. – A technique used to gather information and reach conclusions. Steps to the Scientific Method Then make new predictions and test them Observation Hypothesis Prediction Then revise the hypothesis If results support hypothesis Experiment Analyze Results Conclusions If the results do not support hypothesis Scientific Method continued • Reproducibility- repeat experiments. • Publication- publish experiments in a peer reviewed journal. • Scientific Theory- a broad-ranging explanation for some aspect of the universe that has been repeatedly confirmed through hypothesis testing. Scientific Method and Research • Clinical trials- medical studies on humans. All Living Things Share Basic Characteristics Living things contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids Living things are composed of cells Living things reproduce Living things metabolize Living things respond Living things maintain homeostasis Populations of living things evolve and have adaptive traits Levels of Organization • • • • • • • • • • Tissue Level Ecosystem Level Molecular Level Individual Level Biosphere Level Organ System Level Cellular Level Community Level Population Level Organ Level • • • • • • • • • • Molecular Level Cellular Level Tissue Level Organ Level Organ System Level Individual Level Population Level Community Level Ecosystem Level Biosphere Level Molecule The chemical components of cells Cell The basic unit of life Tissue Group of similar cells that perform a common function Organ Two or more different tissues that perform a common function Organ System Group of related organs that have a common function Individual A single organism Individual A single organism All individuals of the Population same species that occupy a given area All the species in an Community ecosystem that can interact Ecosystem A community and its physical environment Biosphere The part of the earth that supports life Classificaton of Humans- Homo sapiens L. 1758 Animalia Chordata Vertebrata Mammalia Primates Hominidae Homo sapiens
