Download Relationships Within Ecosystems

Name
Date
Class
Content Vocabulary
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Directions: Each of the sentences below is false. Make the sentence true by replacing the underlined word with a
term from the list below. Write your changes on the lines provided. NOTE: You may need to change a term to its
plural form.
commensalism
competition
mutualism
niche
overpopulation
parasitism
predation
symbiosis
1. Overpopulation occurs when two or more organisms
interact to obtain the same biotic or abiotic factor at the
same time.
2. Parasitism occurs when one organism kills and eats another
organism.
3. When moss grows on tree bark, the moss benefits; the tree
does not benefit and is not harmed. This is an example of
mutualism.
4. Although two or more species can share the same habitat,
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
they do not share the same symbiosis.
5. Mutualism, commensalism, and parasitism are types of
predation.
6. Commensalism is a symbiotic relationship in which one
organism benefits while the other is harmed.
7. When mutualism occurs, disease can spread rapidly and
the environment can be damaged.
8. A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit
is called a(n) niche.
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Class
Lesson Outline
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
A. Niches
1. A(n)
is the part of an ecosystem that provides an
organism with things it needs to live.
2. Usually many different
share a habitat.
3. The way a species interacts with abiotic and biotic factors to obtain food, find
shelter, and fulfill other needs is the
of that species.
4. Although two species might share a(n)
, no two species
ever share the same
.
B. Competition
1. The demand for resources such as food, water, and shelter that are in short supply
in a community describes
.
a. Members of the same or different
can compete for
the same resources such as food, water, or shelter.
b.
limits the size of a(n)
sometimes forcing members to leave an area if they are to survive.
,
occurs.
a. Individual organisms in an environment
for limited
resources, such as food.
b. If organisms facing limitations in their resources cannot move elsewhere, they
might be forced to live too close together, causing the environment to
become
.
c. Overpopulation is
because organisms eventually
move away,
, or die of
then the population
;
, and the resources in the
return to their normal levels.
C. Competing with Humans
1. Humans compete with other organisms for biotic and abiotic factors such
as
30
, living
, and water.
Interactions of Life
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2. When a population becomes so large that it causes damage to the environment,
Name
Date
Class
Lesson Outline continued
2. One example of human
with other species is diverting
to irrigate crops; another example is cutting down
that serve as shelter for migrating monarch butterflies.
D. Predation
1. An organism that hunts and kills other organisms for food is a(n)
; an organism that is hunted and eaten by another
organism is
.
2. The act of one organism, a predator, feeding on another organism, its prey, is
called
.
3. A close, long-term relationship between two species that usually involves an
exchange of food or energy is called
a.
.
is a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms
benefit.
is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism
benefits but the other neither benefits nor is harmed.
c.
is a symbiotic relationship in which one organism
benefits while the other is harmed.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
b.
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Class
Content Practice A
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Directions: On the line before each definition, write the letter of the term that matches it correctly. Each term is
used only once.
1. the way a species interacts with abiotic and biotic
factors to obtain food, find shelter, and fulfill
other needs
A. commensalism
B. competition
C. mutualism
2. describes interactions between two or more
organisms that need the same abiotic or biotic
factor at the same time
3. occurs when a population becomes so large that it
causes damage to the environment
4. the act of one organism, a predator, feeding on
D. niche
E. overpopulation
F. parasitism
G. predation
H. symbiosis
another organism, its prey
5. a close, long-term relationship between two
species that usually involves obtaining food or
energy
6. a symbiotic relationship in which both organisms
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
benefit
7. a symbiotic relationship in which one organism
benefits and the other does not benefit and is not
harmed
8. a symbiotic relationship in which one organism
benefits while the other is harmed
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Key Concept Builder
Class
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Key Concept How does a niche differ from a habitat?
Directions: On the line before each statement, write the letter of the correct answer.
1. An area within an ecosystem that provides an organism with the resources it
needs for life is a(n)
A. niche.
B. habitat.
C. abiotic factor.
2. A habitat is usually
A. shared by many species.
B. inhabited by only one species.
C. shared by no more than two species.
3. The way a species interacts with abiotic and biotic factors to obtain food, find
shelter, and fulfill other needs is its
A. niche.
B. habitat.
C. ecosystem.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4. Each species that shares a habitat has a
A. shared niche.
B. separate niche.
C. separate ecosystem.
5. A coral reef is an example of a
A. niche.
B. habitat.
C. parasite.
6. A filefish scraping algae from the coral to eat is an example of a
A. niche.
B. habitat.
C. parasite.
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Interactions of Life
Name
Date
Key Concept Builder
Class
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Key Concept How does a niche differ from a habitat?
Directions: Answer each question or respond to each statement on the lines provided.
1. What is a habitat?
2. What is a niche?
3. Are habitats and niches shared among species? Explain.
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
4. Give an example of a habitat and a niche in your area.
Directions: Draw a habitat for an organism of your choice in the space provided. Show the organism’s niche.
Write a caption that describes your drawing.
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Class
Key Concept Builder
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Key Concept In what ways can organisms interact in an ecosystem?
Directions: Complete the concept map by placing the letter for the correct term, phrase, or statement from the
word bank in the space provided. Each term, phrase, or statement is used only once.
A. a close, long-term relationship between two species that usually involves obtaining food
and energy
B. Both organisms benefit.
C. commensalism
D. competition
E. One organism benefits but the other does not benefit and is not harmed.
F. parasitism
G. predation
Types
of interactions
Organisms
need the same
abiotic or biotic factor at
the same time.
A predator
feeds on a prey.
mutualism
One
organism benefits
while the other is
harmed.
38
Interactions of Life
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
symbiosis
Name
Date
Class
Key Concept Builder
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
Key Concept In what ways can organisms interact in an ecosystem?
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
Directions: Label the type of symbiosis shown in each illustration. Then write a caption explaining the relationship
between the organisms shown in each illustration.
Type of symbiosis:
Type of symbiosis:
Type of symbiosis:
Caption:
Caption:
Caption:
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Class
Quick Vocabulary
Lesson 1
Lesson 2
abiotic factor nonliving part of an
commensalism symbiotic
ecosystem
atmosphere the whole mass of air
surrounding Earth
biotic factor living or once-living
things in an ecosystem
community all the populations living
in the same area at the same time
ecosystem all the living things and
nonliving things in a given area
habitat place within an ecosystem
that provides food, water, shelter,
and other biotic and abiotic factors
an organism needs to survive and
reproduce
Copyright © Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
population all the organisms of the
same species that live in the same
area at the same time
population density size of a
population compared to the
amount of space available
relationship in which one
organism benefits but the other
neither benefits nor is harmed
competition demand for resources,
such as food, water, and shelter, in
short supply in a community
mutualism symbiotic relationship in
which both organisms benefit
niche way a species interacts with
abiotic and biotic factors to obtain
food, find shelter, and fulfill other
needs
overpopulation when a population
becomes so large that it causes
damage to the environment
parasitism symbiotic relationship in
which one organism benefits while
the other is harmed
predation act of one organism, a
predator, feeding on another
organism, its prey
symbiosis close, long-term relationship
between two species that usually
involves an exchange of food or
energy
Interactions of Life
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Name
Date
Class
Lesson Quiz A
LESSON 2
Relationships Within Ecosystems
True or False
Directions: On the line before each statement, write T if the statement is true or F if the statement is false. If the
statement is false, change the underlined word to make it true. Write your changes on the lines provided.
1. Species share the same habitat, but not the same niche.
2. When overpopulation occurs, it causes damage to the environment.
3. Symbiosis is a close relationship between two communities.
Matching
Directions: On the line before each definition, write the letter of the term that matches it correctly. Each term is
used only once.
4. a relationship between two organisms in which
both organisms benefit
5. an interaction between two or more organisms
6. a relationship between two organisms in which
one organism benefits and the other organism is
not helped or harmed
B. competition
C. mutualism
D. parasitism
E. predation
7. a relationship between two organisms in which
one organism benefits and the other organism is
harmed
8. the act of one organism feeding on another
organism
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Interactions of Life
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that need the same resources
A. commensalism