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Transcript
Lesson 25 – Evolutionary Processes Life Science 1 Lesson 25 • Look at the structures in this lesson. • Can also look this website on mechanisms of evolution 2 Mechanisms of Evolution • Change in how common a gene is in a population (gene frequency). • Can result from gene flow, non-random mating, genetic drift, mutation and natural selection. 3 Gene Flow (Migration) • Movement of genes from one population to another. (Image from http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/beetles_mech2.gif) 4 Nonrandom Mating • The probability that two individuals in a population will mate is not the same for all possible pairs of individuals. • The result is that some individuals have more opportunity to mate than others and thus produce more offspring (and more copies of their genes) than others.] 5 (Image from http://biology.unm.edu/ccouncil/Biology_203/Images/PopGen/nonrandom.jpeg) Genetic Drift • Random changes in gene frequency. • Occurs when some individuals, just by chance, leave behind a few more descendents (and genes) than other individuals. The next generation will be the genes of the “lucky” individuals, not necessarily the healthier or “better” individuals. 6 (Image from http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evosite/evo101/images/beetles_mech3.gif ) Mutation • Change in DNA. • Mutations add to the genetic variability of populations over time. 7 Natural Selection • Individuals having characteristics that aid their survival will produce more offspring. As a result the proportion of their genotype will increase in the population over time. 8 (Image from http://www.answersingenesis.org/assets/images/articles/nab/h-pylori.jpg)
