Download hedgehog - Longton Primary School

GPS NIGHT SCHOOL
WEEK 3
THE PLAN FOR THIS SESSION
1. Year 3 and 4 grammar: prepositions, phrases, clauses
(main clauses and subordinate clauses)
2. Year 5 and 6 grammar:
- Relative clauses and relative pronouns
- Modal verbs
- Determiners
- Subject and object
- Subject-verb agreement
- Active and passive voice
- Subjunctive form
THE PLAN FOR THIS SESSION
3. Year 5 and 6 punctuation:
- Brackets
- Dashes
- Colons
- Semi-colons
- Hyphens
- Bullet points
GPS NIGHT SCHOOL
WEEK 3
PREPOSITIONS
A preposition describes the relationship between two nouns.
They can indicate position, direction, time, manner, attributes etc.
The cup is on the table.
The branch reached through the window.
The expensive present was for the teacher.
Mr Badger stared at the noisy human.
PHRASES
These are groups of words that can be understood as a
single unit. A phrase is not a sentence.
the carrot
the tasty carrot on the plate
behind the door
noun phrase
expanded noun phrase
prepositional phrase
CLAUSES: MAIN CLAUSES
These are phrases which contain verbs. The other words add
meaning to the verb.
If a clause makes sense as a sentence on its own, it is a
main clause.
The boy ate the tasty carrot.
main clause
CLAUSES: MAIN CLAUSES
Two main clauses can be joined by a co-ordinating
conjunction.
The boy ate the tasty carrot and it made him feel good.
main clauses
CLAUSES: SUBORDINATE CLAUSES
These give more meaning to the main clause. They begin with a
subordinating conjunction. They do not make sense as a sentence
on their own.
The boy ate the tasty carrot before he ate desert.
Before he ate desert, the boy ate the tasty carrot.
subordinate clause
CLAUSES: RELATIVE CLAUSES
These are a type of subordinate clause that begin with a
relative pronoun (e.g. that, which, who, whom or whose).
I enjoyed the film that we saw last night.
relative clause
TASK
Complete the worksheets.
MODAL VERBS
Modal verbs are a type of verb that tell us how likely or necessary
something is. They refer to what is going to happen in the future.
They normally appear before a main verb.
We might go to the pub after the night school.
I must work hard at night school or I will be in trouble.
would, can, will, could, may, might, shall, should, must, ought to
DETERMINERS
These appear before a noun (or before a noun and its adjectives)
and ‘determine’ which thing is being referred to.
ARTICLES
the hedgehog
a hedgehog
an old hedgehog
the, a and an are known as ARTICLES
DETERMINERS
These appear before a noun (or before a noun and its adjectives)
and ‘determine’ which thing is being referred to.
OTHER DETERMINERS
this hedgehog
that hedgehog
these hedgehogs
those hedgehogs
some hedgehogs
every hedgehog
either hedgehog
many hedgehogs
one hedgehog
two hedgehogs
first hedgehog
our hedgehog
TASK
Find as many determiners in you can in the
extract.
SUBJECT AND OBJECT
The subject of the verb in a sentence is who or what the sentence is
about. In active sentences, the subject is the thing performing the
action.
Sometimes a verb has an object as well as a subject. In active
sentences, the object or who or what is acted upon by the verb.
The rabbit munched the hay.
Inside the hutch, the rabbit munched the hay.
TOP TIP: The subject normally comes first in a sentence
(unless there is a fronted adverbial).
SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
In a sentence, the correct verb form needs to be chosen for the
subject.
We call this subject-verb agreement.
The rabbits is eating the hay.
The rabbits are eating the hay.
The human eats the chocolate.
The human eat the chocolate.
ACTIVE AND PASSIVE VOICE
Using the active voice, the subject of the verb is the person or thing
who does the action.
Mr Coxhead ate the delicious sweet.
Using the passive voice, the subject of the verb is the person or
thing that has had the action done to it.
The delicious sweet was eaten by Mr Coxhead.
SUBJUNCTIVE FORM
Subjunctive verbs indicate ‘unreality, uncertainty, wish, emotion,
judgement, or necessity’. They are uncommon in modern English.
Subjunctive forms can be used in very formal writing.
For example, in a letter of application:
I note your requirement that applicants be experienced.
If I were to take up this position, I would bring high levels of
commitment and enthusiasm.
TASK
Using lined paper, write some sentences in the
active voice.
E.g. Tim ate a delicious kebab.
Then, rewrite your sentences in the passive
voice.
E.g. The delicious kebab was eaten by Tim.
ALWAYS REMEMBER
Words can fall into more than one category.
They can have more than one ‘word class’.
EXAMPLES:
The word off can be a preposition and an adverb.
Preposition: She fell off the horse.
Adverb: She fell off.
The word this can be a pronoun and a determiner.
Pronoun: After this, the cat was furious.
Determiner: After this embarrassment, the cat was furious.
PUNCTUATION
COLON
A colon can be used to introduce lists.
There are three friends in the book: Harry, Ron and Hermione.
A colon can be used to introduce examples or explanations.
It is a beautiful house: there are three spacious reception rooms.
A colon can be used to introduce dialogue.
Professor Snape spat: “You disgust me Potter!”
SEMI-COLON
A semi-colon can be used to link two related main clauses.
Derek ran to the bus stop; he did not want to be late.
A semi-colon can be used to separate longer items within a list.
The children need to bring: a hot-water bottle or an extra blanket;
a cup, plate and bowl; a large tea towel.
DASH
A dash can be used to link two related main clauses. In this way,
they introduce further information.
Derek ran to the bus stop - he was scared.
The fire spread quickly through the forest - I ran to the car.
PARENTHESIS (USING BRACKETS, DASHS OR COMMAS)
Extra information can be added with a sentence using brackets,
dashes or commas.
The restaurant (which had a great reputation) was disappointing.
The restaurant – which had a great reputation – was disappointing.
The restaurant, which had a great reputation, was disappointing.
PARENTHESIS (USING BRACKETS, DASHS OR COMMAS)
Extra information can be added with a sentence using brackets,
dashes or commas.
That year (1996) will never be forgotten.
That year - 1996 - will never be forgotten.
That year, 1996, will never be forgotten.
HYPHEN
A hyphen is used to join two words to make one word. Sometimes, a
hyphen joins a prefix to a root word to avoid ambiguity.
HYPHEN
A hyphen is used to join two words to make one word. Sometimes, a
hyphen joins a prefix to a root word to avoid ambiguity.
Sue wanted to recover her old sofa.
Sue wanted to re-cover her old sofa.
BULLET POINTS
Writing a bullet point list without using full sentences:
BULLET POINTS
Writing a bullet point list using full sentences:
TASK
Flashcards:
In groups, ask each other questions using the
flashcards on your tables.
FEEDBACK
Please complete the feedback sheet.
Thank you!
VOLUNTEERS ALWAYS WELCOME
Could you spare an hour to support pupils in
school?
Please let us know if you can!
EVERYONE IS WELCOME
You are all invited to join us at The Black Bull for a
drink after tonight’s session.
THANK YOU