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Question: Name two of the three distinct regions of the Frontal Lobe. Answer: Primary motor region Premotor region Prefrontal region Question: Where is the frontal lobe located? Answer: Mention any of the below Deep to the Frontal Bone of the skull. In front of the central sulcus. Anterior portion of the cerebral cortex. Question: Where is the Broca’s Area located? Answer: Mention either: Left frontal lobe. Superior gyrus. Question: What are the functions of the Broca’s Area? Answer: Controls (name any one of the following): Facial neurons Speech comprehension Language comprehension. Question: What is Broca’s Aphasia? Answer: The inability to speak and form words due to damage to the Broca’s Area. Or Motor aphasia Question: Question: What is the Precentral Gyrus also known as? Answer: Primary Motor Cortex The Cortical Site (outer portion) of the Primary Motor Cortex is involved with what? Answer: Controlling movements of the body. Question: What area of the brain are frontal lobotomies carried out in? Answer: Orbitofrontal cortex Question: Question: Question: What did doctors hope to achieve by performing a Frontal Lobe Lobotomy? What were the undesired results from Frontal Lobe Lobotomies? Who is this? Answer: Answer: Diminished rage Decreased aggression Improve control of emotional responses Epilepsy Poor emotional responses Uncontrolled and repetitive actions and gestures. He was born in 1823 and died on the 20th May 1860. The accident happened on the 13th September 1848 when he was only 25 years old. An iron bar propelled at high speed straight through his skull while he was working construction on a railroad. By the 1st January 1849, he was leading an apparently normal life. His was the earliest documented case of severe brain injury. Answer: Phineas Gage. Question: What were the consequences of Phineas Gage’s injury? Answer (Must refer to some of the following): He suffered major personality changes due to injury. Due to his case it was confirmed that damage to the prefrontal cortex can result in personality changes while leaving other neurological functions intact. His case provided evidence that the frontal cortex is involved in personality. Question: Question: What lobe of the brain is important for reasoning and problem-solving? Answer: Frontal Lobe Damage to the Frontal lobe can cause what? A. Difficulty with producing the correct emotional response. B. Difficulty to organize and complete sequenced behavior. C. Difficulty in retrieving certain memories. D. All of the above. Answer: D. All of the above. Question: Name an area of the Prefrontal Region of the brain. Answer (Name any one of the following): Dorsolateral Orbital Medial Question: Brodmann Area 4 otherwise known as? Answer: Primary Motor Cortex Question: Name one of the associative processes performed in the Frontal Lobe. Answer: Thought Learning Memory Question: What is the prefrontal cortex responsible for? Answer: Personality expression Planning of complex cognitive behaviours Question: What are the premotor and motor areas of the frontal lobes responsible for? Answer: Execution of voluntary muscle movement Question: The Frontal Lobe is involved in several functions of the body. Name three of these functions. Answer: Motor Functions Higher Order Functions Planning Reasoning Judgment Impulse Control Memory Question: Which is the largest lobe in the brain? Answer: The frontal lobe. Question: What is the dorsolateral frontal cortex concerned with? Answer (must mention two of the following): Planning Strategy formation Executive functions Question: What do dorsolateral frontal lesions tend to cause? Answer (must mention three of the following): Problems with apathy Personality changes Lack of ability to plan or to sequence actions or tasks Poor working memory for verbal information (damage to left hemisphere) Poor spatial information (damage to right hemisphere) Question: Where is the centre for expression of language? Answer: The frontal operculum Question: What damage is caused Question: with anisexclusively Which the largestright lobe in opercular the brain?lesion? Answer: Expressive The frontal lobe. aprosodia. Question: What do basal forebrain lesions cause? Answer (Must mention both): Amnesia False memory (confabulation) Question: People who are said to have an “orbital personality” have what kind of disorders? Answer (Mention either of the following): Sociopathic disorders Pseudopsychopathic disorders