Download Human-Robot Interaction -Emerging Opportunities

Human-Robot Interaction
-Emerging Opportunities
Pramila Rani
1997A3PS071
October 27,2006
Two Faces of Robotics
“Service and entertainment
robots” – for… well, service
and entertainment
Traditional “industry
robots” – for assembly
and manufacturing
Intelligent & Autonomous Robots
- Emerging Focus in Robotics
 The Robot “Invasion”
 There is a projected increase of 1,145% in
the number of personal service robots in
use within a year
 In 2004-2007, more than 4 million new
units are forecasted to be added!!!
 Need for Natural and Intuitive Human-Robot
Communication
 Unlike industrial robots, personal and
professional service robots will need to
communicate more naturally and
spontaneously with people around
 Robots will be expected to be
understanding, emphatic and intelligent
Making Robots Communicate
 Attempt to mimic Human-Human Interaction
 More than 70% of communication is nonverbal or implicit
 7% percent of the emotional meaning of a
message is communicated verbally. About
38% by paralanguage and 55% via
nonverbal channels [1]
 Most Significant Channels of Implicit
Communication in Humans
 Facial Expressions
 Vocal Intonation
 Gestures and Postures
 Physiology
[1] Mehrabian, A. (1971). Silent Messages. Wadsworth, Belmont, California
Human-Robot Interaction (HRI)

Definition:" The study of
humans, robots and the ways in
which they influence each other”

Vital component for autonomous
robots

Draws from advancement in
computer technology, artificial
intelligence, machine learning,
speech recognition and
simulation, image processing
and affective computing
Benefits of Advancement in HRI
Robots would be:
 Functional in dynamic &
unstructured environments
 Easily operable by users
 Capable of engaging in multimodal communication based
on user speech, vision, touch
and affect
 More autonomous, reducing
manning effort
Evolution of Human-Robot
Interfaces
 Remote Control &
keyboard
 Tele-operation
 Speech
 Vision
 Physical embodiment
 Physiological signals
Personal & Professional Service
Robots - Applications
Space Exploration
Search &
Rescue
Education & Entertainment
Personal Service
Professional Service
Opportunities

Higher Education & Research

Social Robotics – MIT Media Lab

Multi-modal human-robot communication
- University of British Columbia

Human-robot interaction architectures – Carnegie Melon University

Sensors and perception for HRI - University of Southern California

Museum robotics – Carnegie Melon University

Educational Robotics – Vanderbilt University

Urban Search and Rescue – University of South Florida
Prominent Professors in HRI
Cynthia Breazeal
MIT
Robin Murphy
University of South Florida
Elizabeth Croft
University of British Columbia
Sebastian Thrun
Stanford University`
Nilanjan Sarkar
Vanderbilt University
Rosalind Picard
MIT
Reid Simmons
Carnegie Melon University
Michael A. Goodrich
Brigham Young University
Marjorie Skubic
University of Missouri-Columbia
Ronald Arkin
Georgia Tech University
Aude Billard
Swiss Federal Institute of technology
Henrik Christensen
Kungl Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
Opportunities (contd…)

Career in HRI

Academia

Research and Development

Intelligent Robot Design (ActivMedia Robotics)

Service Robots (iRobot Corporation)

Industrial research – Sony, Honda, Mitsubishi

Automobile industry – Ford, Honda, GM
My Dissertation
– Making Emotion-Sensitive Robots

My dissertation
 Psychophysiology-Based Affective Communication for
Implicit Human-Robot Interaction

Developing an intuitive affect*-sensitive human-robot
interaction framework where
 affective states are inferred from the human's
physiological signals
 robot working with a human detects and recognizes
his/her probable affective state
 robot adapts its behavior in response to the human's
affective state
 such interaction reduces human anxiety, improves
performance and overall interaction experience
Finding the Right Information



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
University Websites
Alumni Network
HRI Journals, Conferences, and Magazines
Project Websites
HRI resources on the web
 http://prldev.csee.usf.edu/hriweb/
Points to Take Home
 HRI – an emerging areas in Robotics- fun, interesting
and challenging
 Bright prospects for higher education and career
opportunities
 Students of CS, EEE, ME, and Instru can apply
 Plan ahead for MS, PhD. Research Universities and
Professors
 Good Luck!
References

Publications
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R. Picard, Affective Computing, MIT press, 1997.
P. Rani, N. Sarkar, C. Smith, and L. Kirby, “Anxiety Detecting Robotic Systems – Towards Implicit HumanRobot Collaboration,” Robotica, Vol. 22, Issue. 1, pp. 85-95, 2004.
Liu, C, Rani, P., Sarkar, N., "Comparison of Machine Learning Techniques for Affect Detection in Human
Robot Interaction," IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, August 2005,
Canada.
B. Reeves and C. Nass, The Media Equation, (Cambridge University press, 1996)
Pictures
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http://robonaut.jsc.nasa.gov/status/RoboReport_11_02_files/image025.jpg
www.msnbc.msn.com/id/4517261/
www.odenberg.ie/industrial_robotics.htm
http://people.csail.mit.edu/edsinger/image/other_robots/kismet.jpg
http://unleashed.it.uts.edu.au/images/robot_soccer.jpg