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Transcript
The Roman Republic Roman Society • Romans forced their last king to leave in 509 BC and formed a republic. • This meant that leaders would be elected or appointed. • At first only the very wealthy men in Rome – the Patricians – had power or could make decisions. • This led to the ordinary people – the Plebeians – being unhappy and after much unrest a system was made to give both groups some power. Magistrates • Groups of people called Magistrates were elected to important positions. • The Patricians voted for Quaestors who helped run the government and made less important decisions. • The Plebeians voted for Tribunes who did not make decisions but could stop any decision by saying “veto” – I forbid! • Four Magistrates were elected as Aediles who were in charge of supervising public places and food supply. By law two of these had to be Plebeians. Consuls • There were also many other important Magistrates who were in charge of taxes or served as judges. • Although all free citizens could vote for magistrates the more important positions were voted for by a system that gave more influence to richer voters – the Patricians. • The two highest ranking magistrates were the Consuls. They were elected to govern Rome making most of the important decisions. • Consuls were usually elected for one year like all the magistrates. The Senate • The most important group of people in Roman society were the 600 men in the Senate who were called Senators. • It was made up of men who had served as magistrates and could then became members of the Senate for life. • They discussed and debated issues. • They made the laws. • They appointed leaders for the army. The meetings were run by the most senior magistrate available, usually one of the consuls. Senators wore a coloured sash to show their rank. The Senate Higher ranking senators – usually Patricians – sat nearer to the front and were allowed to speak first. There was no time limit on speeches! Dictators • If it was felt that Rome was in great danger then one of the consuls could be made a Dictator for six months. • This meant that one person could make all important decisions and control Rome. • This power was limited to six months because the Romans feared anyone becoming too powerful and making themselves a king!
