Download Understanding Mutation (PowerPoint) WVU 2013

Students Constructing
Their Own Knowledge
to Understand
Mutation
Lauren Schultz, Trista Strauch,
Tasia Taxis, Lindsey Veautour
Facilitator: John Merrill
Background
• Please respond as a student in intro bio
• You’ve been exposed to basic info about
mutation, phenotype, genotype, and central
dogma.
30-Second Sentence
Write down a
definition of
mutation
1. An organism fails to thrive
in its environment.
Is this a mutation?
Yes
No
A
B
2. An organism is exceptionally
successful in its environment.
Is this a mutation?
Yes
No
A
B
3. An organism has a new
variant protein that is
detrimental.
Is this a mutation?
Yes
No
A
B
4. An organism has a new
variant protein that is
beneficial.
Is this a mutation?
Yes
No
A
B
5. There is a genetic change
that results in no change in the
protein.
Is this a mutation?
Yes
No
A
B
1. An organism fails to thrive in its environment.
2. An organism is exceptionally successful in its
environment.
3. An organism has a new variant protein that is
detrimental.
4. An organism has a new variant protein that is
beneficial.
5. There is a genetic change that results in no
change in the protein.
Vote
Positive Mutation
A
Negative Mutation
B
Defend your vote to
your neighbor
Revote
Positive Mutation
A
Negative Mutation
B
Holstein
Piedmontese
Belgian Blue
Teachable Unit Framework
Teaching Challenge
Students memorize a definition of mutation as a “change in
the genetic material,” but hold onto misconceptions that are
at odds with this definition.
Teachable Unit Framework
Learning Objectives
 Students will formulate a working definition of a mutation
and use it assess whether a mutation has occurred.
Tidbit One- 30 second paper, Guided-Inquiry Clicker Qs
 Given various scenarios, students will be able to evaluate
whether a mutation will lead to a phenotypic variation.
Tidbit Two- Double-Muscle Cattle Scenario
 Students will be able to predict how a given mutation would
change an individual’s fitness in a specific environment.
 Students will be able to show that mutations comprise the
basis of genetic variability in a population.
Tidbit #3
Sickle-Cell Case Study- Mutations can affect an
organism’s fitness based on environment.
Tidbit #3
• A mutation occurs such that there is a single amino
acid change in the resultant protein. If an individual
has two copies of this mutated gene, an illness occurs
that can lead to frequent infections and shortened
lifespan.
• Individuals with a single copy of this variant have 60%
protection against mortality from an endemic disease.
Would you expect this gene variant to
persist in the population?
Tidbit #4
Coat Color Variation Scenario- Mutations
comprise the basis of genetic variability.
Tidbit #4
A small group of animals moves from the mainland to an
island, founding a new population. There is no subsequent
movement of animals on or off the island. This initial
population included coat color variation. Some years
afterward, however, a new pattern variation arose that was
previously not observed in the population. Following
subsequent genetic analysis, it is determined that this
haircoat is the result of a new variant of a protein.
In simplest terms, how did it arise?
Post Class Formative Assessment
Learning Objectives 1 and 2
Question Change in
#
DNA
Change in
Protein
Change in
Phenotype
Effect on
Organism
Is this a
Mutation?
Why or Why Not?
1
Yes
Yes
Yes
Negative
Y
There is a change in DNA.
2
Yes
Yes
Yes
Positive
Y
There is a change in DNA.
3
Yes
Yes
Yes
None
Y
There is a change in DNA.
4
Yes
Yes
No
None
Y
There is a change in DNA.
5
Yes
No
No
None
Y
There is a change in DNA.
6
No
Yes
No
None
N
No change in DNA.
7
No
No
No
None
N
No change in DNA.
Post Class Formative Assessment
Learning Objectives 3 and 4
You have new variations of haircoat—dark with
stripes, dark with no stripes, light with stripes,
and light with no stripes. Consider the selective
pressures that might exist on an island, and how
this variation in coat color and pattern could
impact survival and fitness in different habitats on
the island. Pick one of the coat colors and
describe an environment on this island where you
think this variant would have better fitness than
the other variants.
Summative Assessment
Learning Objectives 1 and 2
ACTGCCTGATACATGTAGGC
Based on the sequence above decide whether a mutation
occurred, and predict any effect on the population.
Suppose the sequence shown above is part of the non-coding portion of a
chromosome. The first G from the left in the above sequence changes to an A.
Did a mutation occur?
Predicted effect on the population:
Suppose the sequence shown above is part of the non-coding portion of a
chromosome. The first G from the left in the above sequence changes to a C.
Did a mutation occur?
Predicted effect on the population:
Thank you!