Download biology 103 final exam review sheet

BIOLOGY 103 FINAL EXAM REVIEW SHEET
For the final exam, you need to know the following material:
1. The definition of science
2. The definition of biology
3. The scientific method and steps
4. Characteristics of living organisms
5. Levels of organization in living organisms
6. Classifying living organisms, scientific names
7. Fields of study in biology/Famous biologists-homework
8. Atoms-structure, terms relating to atoms
9. Covalent vs. Ionic bonding
10. Properties of water
11. Acids, bases, pH scale, buffers
12. Be able to read the pH scale
13. Define the term organic
14. Know the major functional groups
15. Condensation vs. Hydrolysis reactions
16. Carbohydrates-structure, functions, types
17. Lipids-functions, structure, types
18. Proteins-functions, amino acids
19. Nucleic acids-types and the functions of each type
20. Historical studies on cells-including Cell Theory
21. 2 major types of cells
22. Parts of a typical prokaryotic cell
23. Major components of eukaryotic cells
24. Know the functions of the organelles listed
in the notes
25. Differences between plant and animal cells
26. Structure and functions of cell membranes
27. Types of proteins in cell membranes
28. Define the following types of passive movement
a. Brownian movement
b. Diffusion
c. Osmosis (hypertonic, hypotonic, isotonic)
d. Facilitated diffusion
29. Define active transport
30. Know the 2 laws of thermodynamics
31. Types of chemical reactions based on energy flow
32. Specific types of chemical reactions
33. Enzymes
a. Characteristics
b. Define substrate, active site
c. Factors that influence enzyme activity
34. ATP-what is this?
a. ATP/ADP cycle
35. Equation for photosynthesis
36. Types of plant pigments
37. Autotroph vs. Heterotroph
38. End products of the Light reactions
(do not worry with the steps of the light reactions)
39. End products of the Dark reactions
(do not worry with the steps of the Dark reactions)
40. Define photorespiration
41. C-4 vs. CAM plants
42. Equation for Aerobic cellular respiration
(Know the stages of this process and how
much ATP is produced in each)
43. How many ATP molecules produced in
aerobic cellular respiration?
44. What is the end product of fermentation?
45. Define the terms aerobic and anaerobic
46. Chromosomes, chromosome number
47. Steps in the cell cycle
48. Phases and events in mitosis
49. Meiosis-phases and events, why is this
called a reduction division?
50. What is synapsis? What is crossing over?
51. Historical studies on DNA
52. What is the shape of DNA?
53. How do the bases bond in DNA?
54. Mendelian crosses-be able to do!
55. Sex chromosomes (male vs. female)
56. Thomas Hunt Morgan-linkage
57. Incomplete dominance, codominance,
epistasis, Mendelian traits in humans
58. Aneuploidy-define
59. Nondisjunction
60. Examples of nondisjunction in females
61. Down syndrome
62. What is a carrier?
63. Recessive genetic disorders
64. Dominant genetic disorders
65. Sex-linked genetic disorders
66. Genetic Engineering
a. Plasmids-uses
67. Material covered since last exam
FINAL EXAM
1) 100 multiple choice questions.
2) There will not be any e choices on the exam
3) 3 bonus questions