Download ATP Production

Warm-Up




Using the graph bellow, answer the following questions:
1. What is happening over time?
2. What process are taking place? When?
3. What does our body do to compensate for O2?
ATP Production
Aerobic Respiration
Quick Facts
All things are made up of MATTER
 Atoms have unique properties
 Molecules are a combination of two or
more atoms
Ex. O2, CO2, and H2O

Macromolecules
Are a combination of two or more
molecules
 Ex. Monomers  Polymer

 Amino
Acid Proteins
 Glucose Carbohydrates
Organelle’s
Are a combination of many
macromolecules
 Which ones have we studied?
 Which organelle is responsible for making
energy?

 Mitochondria
Goal? To Understand How We
Make ENERGY

What powers up all the different functions
in our body, starting with our organ
systems, organs, tissue, cell, organelles
and macromolecules?
ATP
Adenosine Triphosphate
 Structure
 Base,
sugar,
3 phosphates

Phosphate bonds
 Between
two
phosphates
 Contains energy
 Energy released when
bond broken
 Energy stored when
bond created

ATP is recyclable
Using ATP
Cells use to build
molecules and
organelles
 Active transport
 Movement (muscles)
 Heat
 Bioluminescence

Respiration
Purpose – to produce ATP energy
 Formula
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2--> 6H2 O + 6CO2 + ATP energy
 Types

 Aerobic
 Anaerobic

(Fermentation)
Cellular Respiration Vs.
Systemic respiration
Stages of Aerobic Respiration
Glycolysis


Occurs in Cytoplasm
Energy
 Uses
2 ATP to get started
 Produces 4 ATP (net gain?)

Reactant
 glucose

Products
2
pyruvic acids (pyruvate)
 2 NADH


2
Electron carrier
Carries to ETC
ATP (net gain)
Glycolysis
Glucose
2 Pyruvic acid
To the electron
transport chain
http://instruct1.cit.cornell.edu/courses/biomi290/ASM/glycolysis.dcr
Kreb’s Cycle (Citric Acid Cycle)


Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
Energy
 Produces

2 ATP
Reactant
 pyruvate

Products
2
6
ATP
NADH
 2 FADH2
 CO2 (released when exhaled!)
Oxidative Phosphorylation
(Electron Transport Chain)


Occurs on inner membrane of the mitochondria
Reactant
 NADH
 Oxygen

Product
 H2O
 32
ATP
Net Gain of Aerobic Respiration
36 ATP
 CO2 and H2O are waste products

Cellular Respiration (anaerobic)
What happens when cells don’t have enough oxygen?
 Some organisms live in an oxygen-free environment.
The Kreb’s Cycle and Electron Transport
How do they get their energy?

Chain can’t function!!
These are anaerobic conditions!!
ATP Production
Anaerobic Respiration:
Fermentation
Anaerobic Respiration
Occurs in the Cytoplasm
 Glycolysis + Fermentation
 Purpose

 Recycle

Reactants
 Glucose

NAD+
Products
2
ATP
Types of Fermentation

Lactic Acid Fermentation
 Converts
pyruvate into lactic acid
 Used by humans
 Used to make yogurt,
cheese, chocolate,
etc..
Types of Fermentation

Alcoholic Fermentation
 Converts
pyruvate into ethanol and CO2
 Causes dough to rise
Cellular Respiration Flow Map
Glucose + 2 ATP
Lactic Acid
Net ATP Gain=2
Alcoholic
Ethanol + CO2
Net ATP Gain=2
Electron
Transport Chain
H2O + 32 ATP
Net ATP Gain=36
Fermentation
(anaerobic)
Glycolysis
2 ATP + 2
Pyruvate
Oxygen
Krebs Cycle
(Aerobic)
2 ATP & CO2
C6 H12 O6 + 6O2--> 6H2 O + 6CO2 + ATP energy