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Transcript
Fundamentals of Perception Psychology Perception Psychology Marina Wardaya, S.sn Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Class Objective 1. Students know what inspire the psychology science 2. Students understand various types of psychology perspective and it’s impact Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Psychology 101 History of Psychology Europe History Psychology History Ancient Greek Roman Empire to middle ages Psychology as part of philosophy and pseudo science Renaissance Post Renaissance Modern science Natural science Psychology as part of medical science Late 19th century Lab Leipzig Psychology as independent science 20th Century Functionalism Behaviorism Psychoanalysis Schools of thought Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 History • Psychology as a science started in 1800 and considered as a young science. • There are numerous philosophers in the 17th and 18th century like, Hobbes, Locke, Kant, and Hume formed the basic of psychology. • Psychology is established as a science in the late 19th century. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 What is a Perspective? A guidance to one’s thinking. It is also considered as a lens that influences how someone views a particular situation. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 What is Perception? “Perception is a process of creating understanding from an outside stimuli which came from objects, events or interrelation of event which is being capture by our senses…” Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Perspectives in Modern Psychology • Psychodynamic • Behavioral • Humanistic • Physiological • Gestalt • Cognitive • Socio-Cultural Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Psychology Perspectives Psychodynamic • Developed by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) • It emphasizes the early childhood experiences on adjustment in adulthood Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Psychodynamic perspective Perspective that emphasizes the importance of early childhood experience and the unconscious in our everyday lives. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Behavioral • Discovered by a scientist named John Watson (1878-1958) • states that behaviors are influenced by environment Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Behavioral Perspective Perspective that focuses on the behaviors that can be seen by other. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Humanistic • Develop in reaction to the older 2 perspectives Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Humanistic Perspective Perspective that focuses on the individual as someone with potential who is constantly striving to reach that potential. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Physiological • Karl Lashley (1890-1958), is considered as one of the pioneer scientist who work on brain function • Relationship between body and mind • People use computerized tool (CAT scan,MRI, EEG) to study the works of brain and its connection to the body. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Physiological Perspective Perspective that examines the connection between body and mental health. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Gestalt • Pioneered by Max Wertheimer (18801943). • Seeing the world (the surrounding) as a whole or a sum of its part. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Gestalt Perspectives Perspective that focuses on the individual’s perception of the world. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Cognitive • About the importance of thought. Changing thoughts can drive to changing behavior. • For human, this can mean learning from the experience so that the behavior is changed / modified. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Cognitive Perspective Perspective that states our behaviors are influenced by our thoughts about a particular situation. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Socio-Cultural • Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) started to see the environment and cultural influence to human behavior • There is great diversity in our country and psychology has started to recognize the important role that culture plays in shaping who we are. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Socio-Cultural Perspective Perspective that emphasizes on how culture determines our behavior. Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010 Thank You This module is created for courses in Universitas Ciputra and it is intended to be used as a teaching material module, any reproduction is not permitted without authorization Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010