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Fundamentals of
Perception Psychology
Perception Psychology
Marina Wardaya, S.sn
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Class Objective
1. Students know what inspire the
psychology science
2. Students understand various types of
psychology perspective and it’s impact
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Psychology 101
History of Psychology
Europe
History
Psychology
History
Ancient
Greek
Roman Empire to
middle ages
Psychology as
part of
philosophy and
pseudo science
Renaissance
Post
Renaissance
Modern science
Natural science
Psychology as
part of medical
science
Late 19th
century
Lab Leipzig
Psychology as
independent
science
20th Century
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychoanalysis
Schools of
thought
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
History
• Psychology as a science started in 1800 and considered
as a young science.
• There are numerous philosophers in the 17th and 18th
century like, Hobbes, Locke, Kant, and Hume formed
the basic of psychology.
• Psychology is established as a science in the late 19th
century.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
What is a Perspective?
A guidance to one’s thinking.
It is also considered as a lens that
influences how someone views a
particular situation.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
What is Perception?
“Perception is a process of creating
understanding from an outside stimuli which
came from objects, events or interrelation
of event which is being capture by our
senses…”
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Perspectives in Modern Psychology
• Psychodynamic
• Behavioral
• Humanistic
• Physiological
• Gestalt
• Cognitive
• Socio-Cultural
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Psychology Perspectives
Psychodynamic
• Developed by Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
• It emphasizes the early childhood experiences
on adjustment in adulthood
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Psychodynamic perspective
Perspective that emphasizes the
importance of early childhood experience
and the unconscious in our everyday
lives.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Behavioral
• Discovered by a scientist named John Watson
(1878-1958)
• states that behaviors are influenced by
environment
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Behavioral Perspective
Perspective that focuses on the
behaviors that can be seen by
other.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Humanistic
• Develop in reaction to the older 2
perspectives
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Humanistic Perspective
Perspective that focuses on the
individual as someone with potential
who is constantly striving to reach that
potential.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Physiological
• Karl Lashley (1890-1958), is considered as one of
the pioneer scientist who work on brain function
• Relationship between body and mind
• People use computerized tool (CAT scan,MRI, EEG)
to study the works of brain and its connection to
the body.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Physiological Perspective
Perspective that examines the
connection between body and
mental health.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Gestalt
• Pioneered by Max Wertheimer (18801943).
• Seeing the world (the surrounding) as a
whole or a sum of its part.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Gestalt Perspectives
Perspective that focuses on the
individual’s perception of the
world.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Cognitive
• About the importance of thought. Changing thoughts
can drive to changing behavior.
• For human, this can mean learning from the
experience so that the behavior is changed / modified.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Cognitive Perspective
Perspective that states our behaviors are
influenced by our thoughts about a particular
situation.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Socio-Cultural
• Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) started to see the
environment and cultural influence to human
behavior
• There is great diversity in our country and
psychology has started to recognize the
important role that culture plays in shaping
who we are.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Socio-Cultural Perspective
Perspective that emphasizes on how
culture determines our behavior.
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010
Thank You
This module is created for courses in Universitas Ciputra and it is intended
to be used as a teaching material module, any reproduction is not
permitted without authorization
Visual Communication Design, Universitas Ciputra, 2010