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ISM Millionaire Challenge
DNA
#1
What does the acronym
DNA stand for?
A:
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
B:
Dimethylene Acid
C:
Distilled Nucleic Acid
D:
Double Nucleic Acid
A. DNA= deoxyribonucleic acid
is a long molecule that is present in
basically every cell of nearly all living
organisms and contains the genetic
information for those organisms.
#2
Which of these is .NOT a base in DNA?
A: Cytosine
B:
C: Guanine
D: Thiamine
Uracil
B. Uracil
Uracil is only
found in RNA
#3
In the ladder analogy of the DNA
molecule, the "rungs" of the ladder are:
A: Sugars
B:
Phosphates
C: Joined sugar and
D:
Paired bases
phosphates
D. Paired bases
#4
How many bases does it take to make
a codon for a protein?
A: one
B:
two
C: three
D:
Number can change
C. Three
3 adjacent bases from the
RNA sequence
#5
Which of the following base pairs would
not be found in a cell?
A:
adenine – thymine
B:
cytosine – guanine
C:
thymine – uracil
D:
thymine – adenine
C. thymine – uracil
Uracil is single stranded (RNA)
so it never has a base pair
#6
The structural shape of DNA is, of
course, the famous double helix. What is
a "double helix"?
A: Two Y-shaped strand
B:
C:
D:
Two spirals, like a twisty
ladder
Two loops, like a figure
eight
Two X-shaped strands
C. Two spirals,
like a twisty ladder
Letter D. Two X-shaped strands is
wrong. This is a chromosome, which is
a lot of double helix DNAs packed
tightly together
#7
DNA regularly undergoes changes to
its sequence that can be inherited or
cause diseases (for example, cancer).
This is known as?
A:
Methylation
B:
Replication
C:
Mutation
D:
Transformation
C. mutation
Any change in the gene sequence,
which can be caused by radiation
and chemicals or just be a random
mistake
#8
What kind of mutation results in the
replacement of one amino acid for
another?
A: Frame Shift
B:
Chromosomal
C: Substitution
D:
Deletion
C. Substitution
Also known as a point mutation. The
number of bases is not changing (like
in a frame shift or deletion) so only 1
codon and 1 protein is affected.
#9
Which one of the following is NOT a
common characteristic of both RNA and
DNA?
A:
They are both nucleic
acids.
C: Both can be found in the
nucleus
B:
Both contain C & G
bases in their sequences.
Both contain A & T bases
D: in their sequences.
D is correct.
Only DNA contains A & T
nucleotide bases in the sequence;
RNA does not have T’s
#10
Although most mutations are harmful,
sometimes a beneficial mutation occurs
that helps an organism do what?
A: Increase its amount of
B:
DNA.
C: Grow faster.
D:
Live shorter, happier
lives.
Be better adapted
to its environment.
D. Be better adapted
to its environment
so that it can survive longer by
escaping predators or getting prey
easier
#11
What is one way that RNA differs
from DNA?
A: RNA contains a different
B:
RNA occurs only in the
nucleus.
D:
DNA contains only 3
nitrogenous bases.
kind of sugar
C:
RNA is a longer
molecule.
A. RNA contains a
different kind of sugar
R stands for ribose, which is different
from deoxyribose found in DNA
#12
Our individual DNA makes us unique, but it
also makes us human. What percentage of
our DNA do humans have in common with
our closest primate cousin, the chimpanzee?
A:
C:
Over 60 percent
Over 98 percent
B:
Over 89 percent
D:
Over 99 percent
C. Over 98 percent
Humans share over 98 percent of their
genes with the chimpanzee.
The remaining 2 percent allows us to take
quizzes.
#13
An original DNA base sequence is
ATTCCG. What would be the
corresponding RNA base sequence?
A:
C:
UAAGGC
ATTCCG
B:
TAAGGC
D:
UTTCCG
A. UAAGGC
there are no T’s in RNA
Need to copy DNA
using base pair rules
#14
To whom is the discovery of the
structure of DNA credited?
A:
Charles Darwin
B:
Gregor Mendel
C:
Alexander Fleming
D:
Watson & Crick
D. Watson &
Crick
#15
Human DNA is located primarily in the
nucleus of each cell, but small amounts
can also be found in which other part of the cell?
A:
Mitochondria
B:
Ribosomes
C:
Cell Wall
D:
Cytoplasm
A. Mitochondria
Small amounts of DNA are also housed in
the cell’s mitochondria, whose main
function is to generate the energy needed
for the cell’s functioning. It couldn’t be in
the cell wall, because human cells are
bound by membranes and lack the cell
walls that plants have.
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