* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Chapter 10 section 1-3 PP notes
Ancient Roman architecture wikipedia , lookup
Military of ancient Rome wikipedia , lookup
Promagistrate wikipedia , lookup
Roman economy wikipedia , lookup
Travel in Classical antiquity wikipedia , lookup
Roman Republican governors of Gaul wikipedia , lookup
Cursus honorum wikipedia , lookup
Roman Republic wikipedia , lookup
Roman Kingdom wikipedia , lookup
Roman army of the late Republic wikipedia , lookup
Roman historiography wikipedia , lookup
Education in ancient Rome wikipedia , lookup
Food and dining in the Roman Empire wikipedia , lookup
Rome (TV series) wikipedia , lookup
Culture of ancient Rome wikipedia , lookup
History of the Roman Constitution wikipedia , lookup
Constitutional reforms of Sulla wikipedia , lookup
Treaties between Rome and Carthage wikipedia , lookup
Chapter 10, Section 1: Geography and the Rise of Rome p. 294-299 The Big Idea: ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea #1: p. 294-295 _________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Most of Italy is covered with ___________. Italians built their cities on the _____________ for ______________. Two major mountain ranges, the _____________ and the __________________ created rugged land that was hard to cross. Some of Italy’s mountains were _______________. They could devastate towns. They also built cites near rivers for a source of fresh water. Rome lies on the ______________ River. Rome had a mild _______________ that led to a plentiful food supply and the city’s early growth. ****Fact Check****How did Rome’s location affect its early history? ______________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea#2: p296-297 ___________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Little is known about Rome’s early history because no ________________ records exist. People told legends or stories about the past. The Romans believed they could trace their history to a great Trojan leader named _________________. The _______________, an epic poem by _____________, tells about his trip to Italy after the Greeks destroyed Troy. He became a ruler in Italy after making an alliance with the ____________ and marrying the daughter of a Latin king. According to legend, the founders of Rome were orphaned twin brothers named _________________ and __________________ who were raised by wolves. Romulus killed Remus then built a city that he named ________________. Early Rome was a monarchy. Roman records list seven kings who ruled the city, some of whom were __________________. The Etruscans made contributions such as huge _______________ and Rome’s first _____________. Some believe that Rome learned the _______________ and _________________ from the Etruscans. The last Roman King was said to be cruel and a group of nobles overthrew him. They created a new _____________________. *****Fact Check**** What types of stories were the tales of Romulus and Remus and the epic of Aeneas? _______________________________________________________ Why did the Romans decide to get rid of the monarchy? ____________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea #3: p298-299 __________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Romans created a __________________ in 509 BC in which elected officials ran the city They protected against anyone staying in power too long by limiting ___________ to one year. During difficult wars, the Romans chose ________________ who ruled with absolute power, to lead the city. They could stay in power only six months. One famous dictator was ______________________. He defeated his enemies and returned to being a farmer before his six-month term was up. ****Fact Check****What type of government did the Romans create in 509 BC? ____________________________________________________________________________ How were plebeians and patricians different? _______________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 10, Section 2: Government and Society p.302-307 The Big Idea: ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Roman Government p. 302-304 Main Idea#1: _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ When the __________________ complained about Rome’s government, the leaders knew they had to make changes. They developed the ______________________, or three-part government. Magistrates: the first part was made up of _________________ officials. The two most powerful positions were called the ________________. Each magistrate was elected for a one-year term. Senate: The second part was the Roman _________________, a council of wealthy and powerful Romans who advised the city’s leaders. They were elected for _____________. Assemblies and Tribunes: This part protected the ________________ people and had two ________________. o The first branch was made up of both _________________ and ____________________ and they elected the _______________________. o The second branch was made up of the _________________ who could veto actions by other officials. They were elected by the ____________________. Civic Duty and Checks and Balances: Rome’s government would not have worked without the participation of the ___________________. People participated because they felt it was their _________. They attended meetings, voted, and the wealthy held office. Checks and Balances were created to ensure no one part of the government had more ___________________. It is a method of balancing power keeping one part of the government from becoming stronger than the others. ****Fact Check****What were the three parts of the Roman Government? ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Why did the Romans create a system of checks and balances? ____________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________ Written Laws Keep Order: p. 305 Main Idea #2: _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Many people were punished for breaking ______________ they did not know . To prevent this, Rome’s first __________ _____________ was written and displayed in the ___________, Rome’s public meeting place. They developed a code called the Law of _______________ ____________________. ****Fact Check****Why would people want a written code of laws? _____________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Roman Forum p.306-307 Main Idea #3: _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Roman forum, where the Law of the Twelve Tables was kept, was the ______________ of the city. It was the site of many important government ________________ and ______________ It was also a popular ________________ place for Roman citizens to shop, chat, and gossip. ****Fact Check**** Why do you think the Romans posted the Law of Twelve Tables in the city’s forum? ________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Chapter 10, Section 3: The Late Republic p. 308-313 Big Idea: _____________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea#1: ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Growth of Territory and Trade: p.308-309 Roman territory grew as a result of ____________________ ____________________. _______________ and many of Rome’s neighboring cities tried to attack and were defeated. Rome soon gained controlled most of the Italian Peninsula. One reason for Roman success against invaders was the organization of the army into __________________, or groups of up to 6,000 soldiers. This organization allowed the army to be more ________________. Each legion was divided into ________________, or groups of 100 soldiers. The army could fight as one large group or as several smaller ones. Farming and Trade: As the Republic grew, many people left their ____________ to move to Rome. Wealthy farmers built large farms run by ________________ in the countryside, but Roman farmers could not grow enough food to support the population. As a result, __________________ brought goods to Rome and increased ____________. ****Fact Check**** Why did the Romans decide to conquer all of Italy? __________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ How did the growth of territory increase Roman Trade? ___________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea #2: _______________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Rome Grows Beyond Italy: p. 309-311 As Rome’s power grew, other cultures came to see it as a _______________ and declared war. After defeating its opponents, Rome gained _________________ throughout the ________________________________. The Punic Wars (264-146 BC) Rome fought a series of wars called The Punic Wars against __________________, a city in northern Africa. Rome first beat Carthage in ___________________, when Carthage invaded. (20 years) Later, (218 BC) _____________________ tried to attack Rome itself but was defeated. Finally, (140s BC) Rome invaded __________________, burned the city, and took control of northern Africa. During the Punic Wars, Rome took control of Sicily, ______________, ______________, and North Africa. The Romans went on to conquer parts of _________________ and __________________. Rome never completely took over Greece, but it adopted ideas about literature, art, philosophy, religion, and _____________________ from the Greeks. *****Fact Check**** How did the Romans gain territory? ___________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why did the Romans borrow so many ideas from the Greeks? _________________________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Main Idea #3 ________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Crisis Strikes the Republic: P. 312-313 As Rome’s territory grew, problems arose in the republic. Rich citizens gained most of the wealth, and many leaders feared that violence would erupt between ___________ and _____________. Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus: Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus were brothers who both served as _______________. They tried to address the growing problems by creating ________________ for poor Romans to keep them happy and prevent _____________________. In two separate events, ___________________ citizens opposed this idea and rioted. Both brothers were killed years apart in separate riots. From this point on people saw __________________ as a political weapon to use when they disagreed with ___________________. Marius and Sulla Gaius Marius encouraged poor people to join the _______________, in order to make up for troop shortages. The _________________ of his army gave him great political power. Following this example, Lucius Cornelius Sulla built an army to support him the same way Marius had. The two leaders started a ________________ _________________ in which Sulla defeated Marius and became ___________________. (80s BC) This was the beginning of the end of the Republic. Spartacus Thousands of _________________ led by Spartacus rose up and demanded freedom. They defeated an army sent to stop them and took over most of _______________ ____________. Spartacus died in battle and the revolt fell apart. 6,000 rebellious slaves were ______________ as an example to other slaves. ****Fact Check**** How did the death of the Gracchus brothers change Roman Politics? ______________________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ How did Marius and Sulla influence later leaders? ___________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________ Why do you think various crises could possibly lead to major government changes in Rome? __________________________________________________________________________